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100505
Table 4.1B – Past Year Initiation of Illicit Drug Use among Persons Aged 12 or Older, Persons Aged 12 or Older At Risk for Initiation of Illicit Drug Use, and Past Year Illicit Drug Users Aged 12 or Older, by Demographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands and Percentages, 2008 and 2009
Demographic Characteristic NUMBER OF PAST YEAR
INITIATES (1,000s)		 PERCENTAGE OF PAST
YEAR INITIATES AMONG
TOTAL POPULATION		 PERCENTAGE OF PAST
YEAR INITIATES AMONG
PERSONS AT RISK FOR
INITIATION1		 PERCENTAGE OF PAST
YEAR INITIATES AMONG
PAST YEAR USERS
2008 2009 2008 2009 2008 2009 2008 2009
*Low precision; no estimate reported.
NOTE: Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview.
NOTE: Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. These estimates do not include data from methamphetamine initiation items added in 2007 or methamphetamine use items added in 2005 and 2006.
a Difference between estimate and 2009 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between estimate and 2009 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level.
1 At Risk for Initiation is defined as persons who did not use the substance(s) in their lifetime or used the substance(s) for the first time in the past year.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2008 and 2009.
TOTAL 2,885 3,115 1.2 1.2 2.1 2.3 8.1 8.2
AGE                
12-25 2,466a 2,685 4.3 4.6 7.0a 7.7 15.7 15.9
12-17 1,492 1,599 6.0 6.5 7.5 8.1 31.6 33.2
12-13 266 223 3.4 3.0 3.8 3.3 40.0 37.1
14-15 523b 653 6.2b 7.6 7.6b 9.4 34.9a 40.5
16-17 702 723 8.1 8.4 11.7 12.3 27.4 27.9
18-25 975 1,087 3.0 3.2 6.4 7.2 8.8 9.0
18-20 652a 809 4.9a 5.9 9.3a 11.3 13.6 15.5
21-25 322 277 1.6 1.4 3.9 3.5 5.2 4.0
26 or Older 419 430 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.4 2.1 2.0
GENDER                
Male 1,302 1,500 1.1 1.2 2.2 2.5 6.6 6.9
Female 1,583 1,615 1.2 1.2 2.1 2.1 10.1 10.0
GENDER/AGE                
Male 12-17 715a 826 5.6a 6.6 7.1a 8.4 29.6 32.5
Female 12-17 776 773 6.4 6.4 8.0 7.9 33.7 34.0
100505
Table 4.2B – Past Year Initiation of Marijuana Use among Persons Aged 12 or Older, Persons Aged 12 or Older At Risk for Initiation of Marijuana Use, and Past Year Marijuana Users Aged 12 or Older, by Demographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands and Percentages, 2008 and 2009
Demographic Characteristic NUMBER OF PAST YEAR
INITIATES (1,000s)		 PERCENTAGE OF PAST
YEAR INITIATES AMONG
TOTAL POPULATION		 PERCENTAGE OF PAST
YEAR INITIATES AMONG
PERSONS AT RISK FOR
INITIATION1		 PERCENTAGE OF PAST
YEAR INITIATES AMONG
PAST YEAR USERS
2008 2009 2008 2009 2008 2009 2008 2009
*Low precision; no estimate reported.
NOTE: Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview.
a Difference between estimate and 2009 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between estimate and 2009 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level.
1 At Risk for Initiation is defined as persons who did not use the substance(s) in their lifetime or used the substance(s) for the first time in the past year.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2008 and 2009.
TOTAL 2,208 2,361 0.9 0.9 1.5 1.6 8.6 8.3
AGE                
12-25 2,049b 2,312 3.5a 4.0 5.2b 6.0 16.6 17.0
12-17 1,241 1,332 5.0 5.4 5.6 6.1 38.3 39.9
12-13 121 83 1.5 1.1 1.6 1.1 61.9 54.8
14-15 462a 582 5.5a 6.8 6.0a 7.5 47.2a 53.8
16-17 658 667 7.6 7.8 9.9 10.2 31.9 31.7
18-25 809a 980 2.5a 2.9 4.7a 5.8 8.9 9.6
18-20 561b 751 4.2b 5.5 7.2b 9.5 13.7a 16.6
21-25 248 229 1.3 1.2 2.7 2.5 5.0 4.0
26 or Older 159a 49 0.1a 0.0 0.1a 0.0 1.2a 0.3
GENDER                
Male 1,062 1,211 0.9 1.0 1.6a 1.8 7.0 7.0
Female 1,146 1,150 0.9 0.9 1.4 1.4 10.7 10.3
GENDER/AGE                
Male 12-17 607a 724 4.8a 5.8 5.5a 6.6 35.2 38.5
Female 12-17 634 607 5.2 5.0 5.8 5.6 41.9 41.7
100505
Table 4.3B – Past Year Initiation of Cigarette Use among Persons Aged 12 or Older, Persons Aged 12 or Older At Risk for Initiation of Cigarette Use, and Past Year Cigarette Users Aged 12 or Older, by Demographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands and Percentages, 2008 and 2009
Demographic Characteristic NUMBER OF PAST YEAR
INITIATES (1,000s)		 PERCENTAGE OF PAST
YEAR INITIATES AMONG
TOTAL POPULATION		 PERCENTAGE OF PAST
YEAR INITIATES AMONG
PERSONS AT RISK FOR
INITIATION1		 PERCENTAGE OF PAST
YEAR INITIATES AMONG
PAST YEAR USERS
2008 2009 2008 2009 2008 2009 2008 2009
*Low precision; no estimate reported.
NOTE: Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview.
a Difference between estimate and 2009 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between estimate and 2009 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level.
1 At Risk for Initiation is defined as persons who did not use the substance(s) in their lifetime or used the substance(s) for the first time in the past year.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2008 and 2009.
TOTAL 2,418 2,527 1.0 1.0 2.7 2.8 3.5 3.7
AGE                
12-25 2,330 2,403 4.0 4.1 7.0 7.1 12.6 12.7
12-17 1,268 1,259 5.1 5.1 6.2 6.2 34.1 34.1
12-13 159 149 2.0 2.0 2.2 2.1 49.5 48.6
14-15 492 496 5.8 5.8 6.9 6.8 42.6 40.6
16-17 616 615 7.1 7.2 10.3 10.2 27.4 28.4
18-25 1,062 1,144 3.2 3.4 8.3 8.6 7.2 7.5
18-20 815 938 6.2 6.9 12.9 13.7 14.0 15.8
21-25 247 206 1.3 1.0 3.8 3.2 2.7 2.2
26 or Older 89 124 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
GENDER                
Male 1,205 1,279 1.0 1.0 3.2 3.3 3.2 3.5
Female 1,213 1,248 0.9 1.0 2.3 2.4 3.7 3.9
GENDER/AGE                
Male 12-17 592 642 4.7 5.1 5.7 6.2 31.5 32.3
Female 12-17 676 617 5.5 5.1 6.7 6.1 36.6 36.3
100505
Table 4.4B – Past Year Initiation of Alcohol Use among Persons Aged 12 or Older, Persons Aged 12 or Older At Risk for Initiation of Alcohol Use, and Past Year Alcohol Users Aged 12 or Older, by Demographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands and Percentages, 2008 and 2009
Demographic Characteristic NUMBER OF PAST YEAR
INITIATES (1,000s)		 PERCENTAGE OF PAST
YEAR INITIATES AMONG
TOTAL POPULATION		 PERCENTAGE OF PAST
YEAR INITIATES AMONG
PERSONS AT RISK FOR
INITIATION1		 PERCENTAGE OF PAST
YEAR INITIATES AMONG
PAST YEAR USERS
2008 2009 2008 2009 2008 2009 2008 2009
*Low precision; no estimate reported.
NOTE: Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview.
a Difference between estimate and 2009 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between estimate and 2009 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level.
1 At Risk for Initiation is defined as persons who did not use the substance(s) in their lifetime or used the substance(s) for the first time in the past year.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2008 and 2009.
TOTAL 4,466 4,560 1.8 1.8 9.1 9.5 2.7 2.7
AGE                
12-25 4,274 4,436 7.4 7.6 17.5 18.2 12.8 13.1
12-17 2,544 2,646 10.2 10.8 14.2 14.8 33.2a 35.4
12-13 330 367 4.2 4.9 4.7 5.4 44.9a 52.8
14-15 1,066 1,066 12.6 12.5 17.0 16.8 41.2 41.7
16-17 1,147 1,212 13.3 14.2 24.9 25.9 26.4 28.8
18-25 1,730 1,790 5.3 5.3 26.7 27.3 6.7 6.8
18-20 1,182 1,191 8.9 8.7 29.2 28.9 12.8 12.4
21-25 548 599 2.8 3.0 22.6 24.5 3.3 3.6
26 or Older 193 124 0.1 0.1 0.8 0.5 0.1 0.1
GENDER                
Male 2,151 2,205 1.8 1.8 11.0 11.3 2.5 2.6
Female 2,315 2,355 1.8 1.8 7.9 8.3 2.9 2.9
GENDER/AGE                
Male 12-17 1,232 1,294 9.7 10.3 13.5 14.4 32.8 33.7
Female 12-17 1,312 1,352 10.8 11.2 15.0 15.2 33.6b 37.3
100505
Table 4.5B – Past Year Initiation of Substance Use among Persons Aged 12 or Older, Persons Aged 12 or Older At Risk for Initiation of Substance Use, and Past Year Substance Users Aged 12 or Older: Numbers in Thousands and Percentages, 2008 and 2009
Substance NUMBER OF PAST YEAR
INITIATES (1,000s)		 PERCENTAGE OF PAST
YEAR INITIATES
AMONG TOTAL
POPULATION		 PERCENTAGE OF PAST
YEAR INITIATES
AMONG PERSONS AT
RISK FOR INITIATION1		 PERCENTAGE OF PAST
YEAR INITIATES
AMONG PAST YEAR
USERS
2008 2009 2008 2009 2008 2009 2008 2009
*Low precision; no estimate reported.
-- Not available.
NOTE: Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview.
a Difference between estimate and 2009 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between estimate and 2009 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level.
1 At Risk for Initiation is defined as persons who did not use the substance(s) in their lifetime or used the substance(s) for the first time in the past year.
2 Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically.
3 Estimates in these designated rows do not include data from methamphetamine initiation items added in 2007 or methamphetamine use items added in 2005 and 2006.
4 Nonmedical use of prescription-type psychotherapeutics includes the nonmedical use of pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, or sedatives and does not include over-the-counter drugs.
5 Daily Cigarette Use is defined as ever smoking every day for at least 30 days.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2008 and 2009.
ILLICIT DRUGS2,3 2,885 3,115 1.2 1.2 2.1 2.3 8.1 8.2
Marijuana and Hashish 2,208 2,361 0.9 0.9 1.5 1.6 8.6 8.3
Cocaine 722 617 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 13.7 12.9
Crack 205b 94 0.1b 0.0 0.1b 0.0 18.5b 9.2
Heroin 114 180 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 25.2 29.7
Hallucinogens 1,127 1,269 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 30.7 28.1
LSD 394 337 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 49.1 43.3
PCP 53 45 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 * *
Ecstasy 894a 1,110 0.4a 0.4 0.4a 0.5 41.8 39.7
Inhalants 729 813 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 35.6 38.9
Nonmedical Use of Psychotherapeutics3,4 2,512 2,567 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.3 16.7 16.2
Pain Relievers 2,176 2,179 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 18.3 17.6
OxyContin® 478 584 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 32.8 34.8
Tranquilizers 1,127 1,226 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 22.1 22.5
Stimulants3 599 702 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 24.3 24.5
Sedatives 181 186 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 29.1 22.9
ILLICIT DRUGS OTHER
THAN MARIJUANA2,3		 2,693 2,803 1.1 1.1 1.5 1.6 13.5 13.3
CIGARETTES 2,418 2,527 1.0 1.0 2.7 2.8 3.5 3.7
Daily Cigarette Use5 942a 1,125 0.4a 0.4 0.6 0.7 -- --
SMOKELESS TOBACCO 1,398 1,462 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 11.9 12.1
CIGARS 2,884 3,135 1.2 1.2 1.8 1.9 11.1 11.9
ALCOHOL 4,466 4,560 1.8 1.8 9.1 9.5 2.7 2.7
100505
Table 4.6B – Past Year Initiation of Substance Use among Persons Aged 12 to 17, Persons Aged 12 to 17 At Risk for Initiation of Substance Use, and Past Year Substance Users Aged 12 to 17: Numbers in Thousands and Percentages, 2008 and 2009
Substance NUMBER OF PAST YEAR
INITIATES (1,000s)		 PERCENTAGE OF PAST
YEAR INITIATES
AMONG TOTAL
POPULATION		 PERCENTAGE OF PAST
YEAR INITIATES
AMONG PERSONS AT
RISK FOR INITIATION1		 PERCENTAGE OF PAST
YEAR INITIATES
AMONG PAST YEAR
USERS
2008 2009 2008 2009 2008 2009 2008 2009
*Low precision; no estimate reported.
-- Not available.
NOTE: Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview.
a Difference between estimate and 2009 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between estimate and 2009 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level.
1 At Risk for Initiation is defined as persons who did not use the substance(s) in their lifetime or used the substance(s) for the first time in the past year.
2 Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically.
3 Estimates in these designated rows do not include data from methamphetamine initiation items added in 2007 or methamphetamine use items added in 2005 and 2006.
4 Nonmedical use of prescription-type psychotherapeutics includes the nonmedical use of pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, or sedatives and does not include over-the-counter drugs.
5 Daily Cigarette Use is defined as ever smoking every day for at least 30 days.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2008 and 2009.
ILLICIT DRUGS2,3 1,492 1,599 6.0 6.5 7.5 8.1 31.6 33.2
Marijuana and Hashish 1,241 1,332 5.0 5.4 5.6 6.1 38.3 39.9
Cocaine 197a 144 0.8 0.6 0.8 0.6 64.6 60.1
Crack 17 18 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 * *
Heroin 31 19 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 * *
Hallucinogens 470 458 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 68.1 62.4
LSD 146a 106 0.6 0.4 0.6 0.4 79.9 74.4
PCP 38 26 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 * *
Ecstasy 250 311 1.0 1.3 1.0 1.3 70.8 74.7
Inhalants 489 530 2.0 2.2 2.1 2.3 49.9 55.5
Nonmedical Use of Psychotherapeutics3,4 887 845 3.6 3.4 3.9 3.7 46.5 44.9
Pain Relievers 817 784 3.3 3.2 3.5 3.4 50.8 48.5
OxyContin® 154 156 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 68.8 69.8
Tranquilizers 282 279 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 58.6 60.8
Stimulants3 196 195 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 55.8 58.1
Sedatives 69 75 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 * *
ILLICIT DRUGS OTHER
THAN MARIJUANA2,3		 1,145 1,112 4.6 4.5 5.3 5.2 40.2 39.2
CIGARETTES 1,268 1,259 5.1 5.1 6.2 6.2 34.1 34.1
Daily Cigarette Use5 274 310 1.1 1.3 1.1 1.3 -- --
SMOKELESS TOBACCO 603 654 2.4 2.7 2.5 2.8 50.1 51.7
CIGARS 1,108 1,076 4.5 4.4 4.8 4.8 52.6 48.9
ALCOHOL 2,544 2,646 10.2 10.8 14.2 14.8 33.2a 35.4
100505
Table 4.7B – Past Year Initiation of Substance Use among Persons Aged 18 to 25, Persons Aged 18 to 25 At Risk for Initiation of Substance Use, and Past Year Substance Users Aged 18 to 25: Numbers in Thousands and Percentages, 2008 and 2009
Substance NUMBER OF PAST YEAR
INITIATES (1,000s)		 PERCENTAGE OF PAST
YEAR INITIATES
AMONG TOTAL
POPULATION		 PERCENTAGE OF PAST
YEAR INITIATES
AMONG PERSONS AT
RISK FOR INITIATION1		 PERCENTAGE OF PAST
YEAR INITIATES
AMONG PAST YEAR
USERS
2008 2009 2008 2009 2008 2009 2008 2009
*Low precision; no estimate reported.
-- Not available.
NOTE: Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview.
a Difference between estimate and 2009 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between estimate and 2009 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level.
1 At Risk for Initiation is defined as persons who did not use the substance(s) in their lifetime or used the substance(s) for the first time in the past year.
2 Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically.
3 Estimates in these designated rows do not include data from methamphetamine initiation items added in 2007 or methamphetamine use items added in 2005 and 2006.
4 Nonmedical use of prescription-type psychotherapeutics includes the nonmedical use of pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, or sedatives and does not include over-the-counter drugs.
5 Daily Cigarette Use is defined as ever smoking every day for at least 30 days.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2008 and 2009.
ILLICIT DRUGS2,3 975 1,087 3.0 3.2 6.4 7.2 8.8 9.0
Marijuana and Hashish 809a 980 2.5a 2.9 4.7a 5.8 8.9 9.6
Cocaine 423 392 1.3 1.2 1.5 1.3 23.3 22.1
Crack 88 61 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 41.3 36.1
Heroin 56 77 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 38.4 43.8
Hallucinogens 574 687 1.7 2.0 2.1 2.5 27.2 28.5
LSD 230 226 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 45.7 43.8
PCP 16 17 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 * *
Ecstasy 521 605 1.6 1.8 1.8 2.0 40.5 41.8
Inhalants 218 230 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 40.9 36.8
Nonmedical Use of Psychotherapeutics3,4 947 986 2.9 2.9 3.9 4.0 19.6 19.7
Pain Relievers 835 841 2.5 2.5 3.2 3.2 21.2 21.0
OxyContin® 226 268 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.8 37.9 35.3
Tranquilizers 455 491 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 25.9 27.4
Stimulants3 278 346 0.8 1.0 0.9 1.1 26.3 29.3
Sedatives 56 63 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 * *
ILLICIT DRUGS OTHER
THAN MARIJUANA2,3		 973 1,084 3.0 3.2 4.5 4.9 15.6 16.3
CIGARETTES 1,062 1,144 3.2 3.4 8.3 8.6 7.2 7.5
Daily Cigarette Use5 548 612 1.7 1.8 2.3 2.5 -- --
SMOKELESS TOBACCO 577 658 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 19.6 19.5
CIGARS 1,261 1,406 3.8 4.2 6.1 6.7 16.8 18.0
ALCOHOL 1,730 1,790 5.3 5.3 26.7 27.3 6.7 6.8
100505
Table 4.8B – Past Year Initiation of Substance Use among Persons Aged 26 or Older, Persons Aged 26 or Older At Risk for Initiation of Substance Use, and Past Year Substance Users Aged 26 or Older: Numbers in Thousands and Percentages, 2008 and 2009
Substance NUMBER OF PAST YEAR
INITIATES (1,000s)		 PERCENTAGE OF PAST
YEAR INITIATES
AMONG TOTAL
POPULATION		 PERCENTAGE OF PAST
YEAR INITIATES
AMONG PERSONS AT
RISK FOR INITIATION1		 PERCENTAGE OF PAST
YEAR INITIATES
AMONG PAST YEAR
USERS
2008 2009 2008 2009 2008 2009 2008 2009
*Low precision; no estimate reported.
-- Not available.
NOTE: Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview.
a Difference between estimate and 2009 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between estimate and 2009 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level.
1 At Risk for Initiation is defined as persons who did not use the substance(s) in their lifetime or used the substance(s) for the first time in the past year.
2 Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically.
3 Estimates in these designated rows do not include data from methamphetamine initiation items added in 2007 or methamphetamine use items added in 2005 and 2006.
4 Nonmedical use of prescription-type psychotherapeutics includes the nonmedical use of pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, or sedatives and does not include over-the-counter drugs.
5 Daily Cigarette Use is defined as ever smoking every day for at least 30 days.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2008 and 2009.
ILLICIT DRUGS2,3 419 430 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.4 2.1 2.0
Marijuana and Hashish 159a 49 0.1a 0.0 0.1a 0.0 1.2a 0.3
Cocaine 101 81 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 3.2 2.9
Crack 100b 15 0.1b 0.0 0.1b 0.0 11.6b 1.8
Heroin 28 84 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 * *
Hallucinogens 84 123 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 9.6 9.0
LSD 18 * 0.0 * 0.0 * * *
PCP * * * * * * * *
Ecstasy 124 195 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 * 20.8
Inhalants 23 53 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 * *
Nonmedical Use of Psychotherapeutics3,4 678 736 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 8.1 8.2
Pain Relievers 524 554 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 8.3 8.2
OxyContin® 98 161 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 15.4 *
Tranquilizers 390 456 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 13.6 14.2
Stimulants3 125 161 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 11.8 11.9
Sedatives 56 48 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 * *
ILLICIT DRUGS OTHER
THAN MARIJUANA2,3		 575 607 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 5.3 5.3
CIGARETTES 89 124 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
Daily Cigarette Use5 119 204 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 -- --
SMOKELESS TOBACCO 217 150 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 2.9 2.0
CIGARS 515 653 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 3.1 4.0
ALCOHOL 193 124 0.1 0.1 0.8 0.5 0.1 0.1
100505
Table 4.9A – Past Year Initiation of Substance Use among Persons Aged 12 or Older, by Gender: Numbers in Thousands, 2008 and 2009
Substance Total
(2008)		 Total
(2009)		 Male
(2008)		 Male
(2009)		 Female
(2008)		 Female
(2009)
*Low precision; no estimate reported.
NOTE: Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview.
a Difference between estimate and 2009 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between estimate and 2009 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level.
1 Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically.
2 Estimates in these designated rows do not include data from methamphetamine initiation items added in 2007 or methamphetamine use items added in 2005 and 2006.
3 Nonmedical use of prescription-type psychotherapeutics includes the nonmedical use of pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, or sedatives and does not include over-the-counter drugs.
4 Daily Cigarette Use is defined as ever smoking every day for at least 30 days.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2008 and 2009.
ILLICIT DRUGS1,2 2,885 3,115 1,302 1,500 1,583 1,615
Marijuana and Hashish 2,208 2,361 1,062 1,211 1,146 1,150
Cocaine 722 617 413 344 308 273
Crack 205b 94 113a 51 92a 43
Heroin 114 180 78 95 36a 85
Hallucinogens 1,127 1,269 682 781 445 488
LSD 394 337 283 222 111 115
PCP 53 45 26 24 28 20
Ecstasy 894a 1,110 486a 647 409 464
Inhalants 729 813 400 417 330 396
Nonmedical Use of Psychotherapeutics2,3 2,512 2,567 1,051 1,113 1,461 1,454
Pain Relievers 2,176 2,179 985 1,031 1,191 1,148
OxyContin® 478 584 257 340 221 245
Tranquilizers 1,127 1,226 456 542 671 684
Stimulants2 599 702 254 321 345 381
Sedatives 181 186 51a 107 130 79
ILLICIT DRUGS OTHER THAN MARIJUANA1,2 2,693 2,803 1,261 1,293 1,432 1,511
CIGARETTES 2,418 2,527 1,205 1,279 1,213 1,248
Daily Cigarette Use4 942a 1,125 475 556 466 570
SMOKELESS TOBACCO 1,398 1,462 1,013 1,106 384 356
CIGARS 2,884 3,135 1,579 1,784 1,305 1,352
ALCOHOL 4,466 4,560 2,151 2,205 2,315 2,355
100505
Table 4.10A – Past Year Initiation of Substance Use among Persons Aged 12 or Older Who Initiated Use Prior to the Age of 18, by Gender: Numbers in Thousands, 2008 and 2009
Substance Total
(2008)		 Total
(2009)		 Male
(2008)		 Male
(2009)		 Female
(2008)		 Female
(2009)
*Low precision; no estimate reported.
NOTE: Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview.
a Difference between estimate and 2009 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between estimate and 2009 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level.
1 Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically.
2 Estimates in these designated rows do not include data from methamphetamine initiation items added in 2007 or methamphetamine use items added in 2005 and 2006.
3 Nonmedical use of prescription-type psychotherapeutics includes the nonmedical use of pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, or sedatives and does not include over-the-counter drugs.
4 Daily Cigarette Use is defined as ever smoking every day for at least 30 days.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2008 and 2009.
ILLICIT DRUGS1,2 1,635 1,770 796a 919 839 852
Marijuana and Hashish 1,366 1,476 671a 801 695 675
Cocaine 239a 176 139a 90 100 86
Crack 23 20 9 9 14 12
Heroin 34 32 19 22 15 10
Hallucinogens 522 526 304 293 218 233
LSD 168 132 107 78 60 55
PCP 39 27 17 14 22 13
Ecstasy 281a 375 137a 195 144 180
Inhalants 514 552 246 248 268 303
Nonmedical Use of Psychotherapeutics2,3 989 965 466 454 523 510
Pain Relievers 910 885 434 402 477 483
OxyContin® 171 186 98 86 74 100
Tranquilizers 332 349 159 166 173 182
Stimulants2 230 227 93 98 136 129
Sedatives 79 80 34 43 45 37
ILLICIT DRUGS OTHER THAN MARIJUANA1,2 1,248 1,239 627 614 622 625
CIGARETTES 1,421 1,486 674 747 747 739
Daily Cigarette Use4 350 403 189 225 162 178
SMOKELESS TOBACCO 662 714 510 560 153 155
CIGARS 1,313 1,266 768 805 546 461
ALCOHOL 2,804 2,903 1,364 1,439 1,440 1,465
100505
Table 4.11A – Past Year Initiation of Substance Use among Persons Aged 12 or Older Who Initiated Use Prior to the Age of 21, by Gender: Numbers in Thousands, 2008 and 2009
Substance Total
(2008)		 Total
(2009)		 Male
(2008)		 Male
(2009)		 Female
(2008)		 Female
(2009)
*Low precision; no estimate reported.
NOTE: Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview.
a Difference between estimate and 2009 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between estimate and 2009 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level.
1 Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically.
2 Estimates in these designated rows do not include data from methamphetamine initiation items added in 2007 or methamphetamine use items added in 2005 and 2006.
3 Nonmedical use of prescription-type psychotherapeutics includes the nonmedical use of pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, or sedatives and does not include over-the-counter drugs.
4 Daily Cigarette Use is defined as ever smoking every day for at least 30 days.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2008 and 2009.
ILLICIT DRUGS1,2 2,200a 2,479 1,071b 1,273 1,130 1,207
Marijuana and Hashish 1,843b 2,146 908b 1,131 935 1,016
Cocaine 464 388 273 248 191 141
Crack 72 46 41 25 31 21
Heroin 70 66 46 44 24 22
Hallucinogens 863 961 512 591 351 370
LSD 315 263 218 176 97 87
PCP 50 39 22 24 27 15
Ecstasy 587a 707 312a 410 275 297
Inhalants 656 681 345 319 312 362
Nonmedical Use of Psychotherapeutics2,3 1,477 1,537 709 732 768 805
Pain Relievers 1,333 1,368 648 660 685 708
OxyContin® 277 318 156 177 121 141
Tranquilizers 559 586 288 302 270 284
Stimulants2 376 440 172 215 203 225
Sedatives 102 105 40 59 62 47
ILLICIT DRUGS OTHER THAN MARIJUANA1,2 1,788 1,891 914 978 874 913
CIGARETTES 2,122 2,233 1,069 1,165 1,053 1,068
Daily Cigarette Use4 714 780 385 426 329 354
SMOKELESS TOBACCO 1,016 1,112 769 857 247 255
CIGARS 2,097 2,125 1,247 1,340 850 785
ALCOHOL 3,777 3,898 1,881 1,978 1,896 1,919
100505
Table 4.12A – Past Year Initiation of Substance Use among Persons Aged 12 to 49, by Gender: Numbers in Thousands, 2008 and 2009
Substance Total
(2008)		 Total
(2009)		 Male
(2008)		 Male
(2009)		 Female
(2008)		 Female
(2009)
*Low precision; no estimate reported.
NOTE: Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview.
a Difference between estimate and 2009 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between estimate and 2009 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level.
1 Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically.
2 Estimates in these designated rows do not include data from methamphetamine initiation items added in 2007 or methamphetamine use items added in 2005 and 2006.
3 Nonmedical use of prescription-type psychotherapeutics includes the nonmedical use of pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, or sedatives and does not include over-the-counter drugs.
4 Daily Cigarette Use is defined as ever smoking every day for at least 30 days.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2008 and 2009.
ILLICIT DRUGS1,2 2,816 2,886 1,298 1,414 1,518 1,472
Marijuana and Hashish 2,204 2,361 1,058 1,211 1,146 1,150
Cocaine 722 617 413 344 308 273
Crack 205b 94 113a 51 92a 43
Heroin 114 180 78 95 36a 85
Hallucinogens 1,127 1,269 682 781 445 488
LSD 394 337 283 222 111 115
PCP 53 45 26 24 28 20
Ecstasy 885b 1,110 486a 647 399 464
Inhalants 727 813 397 417 330 396
Nonmedical Use of Psychotherapeutics2,3 2,410 2,310 1,036 1,011 1,374 1,299
Pain Relievers 2,087 2,066 983 967 1,104 1,099
OxyContin® 476 546 256 302 219 245
Tranquilizers 1,092 1,055 441 474 651 581
Stimulants2 599 702 254 321 345 381
Sedatives 161 169 51a 104 109 65
ILLICIT DRUGS OTHER THAN MARIJUANA1,2 2,604 2,554 1,244 1,197 1,360 1,356
CIGARETTES 2,418 2,525 1,205 1,277 1,213 1,248
Daily Cigarette Use4 937a 1,108 471 554 466 554
SMOKELESS TOBACCO 1,343 1,447 1,005 1,091 338 356
CIGARS 2,768 3,013 1,544a 1,759 1,224 1,254
ALCOHOL 4,404 4,544 2,151 2,205 2,252 2,339
100505
Table 4.13B – Mean Age at First Use among Past Year Initiates of Substance Use Aged 12 or Older, by Gender: 2008 and 2009
Substance Total
(2008)		 Total
(2009)		 Male
(2008)		 Male
(2009)		 Female
(2008)		 Female
(2009)
*Low precision; no estimate reported.
NOTE: Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview.
a Difference between estimate and 2009 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between estimate and 2009 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level.
1 Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically.
2 Estimates in these designated rows do not include data from methamphetamine initiation items added in 2007 or methamphetamine use items added in 2005 and 2006.
3 Nonmedical use of prescription-type psychotherapeutics includes the nonmedical use of pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, or sedatives and does not include over-the-counter drugs.
4 Daily Cigarette Use is defined as ever smoking every day for at least 30 days.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2008 and 2009.
ILLICIT DRUGS1,2 19.8 20.7 18.0 19.5 21.3 21.8
Marijuana and Hashish 17.9a 17.0 17.4a 16.6 18.3 17.4
Cocaine 19.8 20.0 19.4 19.4 20.4 20.7
Crack 27.2b 20.6 27.0a 21.1 27.5b 20.1
Heroin 23.4 25.5 25.7 22.5 18.5b 28.8
Hallucinogens 18.6 18.9 18.7 19.2 18.4 18.5
LSD 18.4 18.4 18.8 18.4 17.2a 18.3
PCP 15.8 16.8 15.8 16.4 15.8 17.2
Ecstasy 20.6 20.2 20.6 20.7 20.5 19.6
Inhalants 16.0 16.9 16.8 18.1 15.1 15.5
Nonmedical Use of Psychotherapeutics2,3 23.5 24.9 20.9 23.5 25.4 25.9
Pain Relievers 22.7 22.5 20.9 22.3 24.2 22.7
OxyContin® 22.0 24.5 21.9 26.4 22.0 21.8
Tranquilizers 25.7 28.0 22.3 26.3 27.9 29.4
Stimulants2 21.3 21.5 19.9 20.2 22.3 22.5
Sedatives 25.8 23.1 20.5 20.9 27.8 26.1
ILLICIT DRUGS OTHER THAN MARIJUANA1,2 21.7 22.9 19.8 21.3 23.4 24.3
CIGARETTES 17.4 17.5 17.3 17.3 17.4 17.8
Daily Cigarette Use4 20.2 21.3 19.6 19.8 20.9 22.7
SMOKELESS TOBACCO 20.2 19.3 19.2 19.2 22.8 19.3
CIGARS 21.5 22.4 20.0 20.3 23.2 25.2
ALCOHOL 17.7 17.1 16.9 16.6 18.4 17.5
100505
Table 4.14B – Mean Age at First Use among Past Year Initiates of Substance Use Aged 12 or Older Who Initiated Use Prior to the Age of 18, by Gender: 2008 and 2009
Substance Total
(2008)		 Total
(2009)		 Male
(2008)		 Male
(2009)		 Female
(2008)		 Female
(2009)
*Low precision; no estimate reported.
NOTE: Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview.
a Difference between estimate and 2009 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between estimate and 2009 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level.
1 Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically.
2 Estimates in these designated rows do not include data from methamphetamine initiation items added in 2007 or methamphetamine use items added in 2005 and 2006.
3 Nonmedical use of prescription-type psychotherapeutics includes the nonmedical use of pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, or sedatives and does not include over-the-counter drugs.
4 Daily Cigarette Use is defined as ever smoking every day for at least 30 days.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2008 and 2009.
ILLICIT DRUGS1,2 14.9 15.0 15.0 15.0 14.8 14.9
Marijuana and Hashish 15.2 15.2 15.2 15.2 15.1 15.2
Cocaine 15.9 15.8 16.0 15.8 15.7 15.8
Crack 16.1 15.4 16.1 15.8 16.1 15.1
Heroin 15.6 16.2 16.0 16.3 15.1 16.0
Hallucinogens 15.5 15.6 15.7 15.8 15.2 15.3
LSD 15.8 15.7 16.0 15.8 15.3 15.7
PCP 14.4 14.4 13.6a 15.0 15.0a 13.8
Ecstasy 15.7 15.7 16.2 15.9 15.3 15.4
Inhalants 13.9 14.1 13.9 14.2 13.9 13.9
Nonmedical Use of Psychotherapeutics2,3 15.2 15.2 15.5 15.4 15.0 15.1
Pain Relievers 15.2 15.2 15.5 15.5 14.9 14.9
OxyContin® 15.5 15.7 15.6 15.9 15.3 15.5
Tranquilizers 15.6 15.6 15.7 15.6 15.5 15.6
Stimulants2 15.4 15.3 15.9 15.4 15.1 15.2
Sedatives 15.0 15.0 15.1 15.0 14.9 15.1
ILLICIT DRUGS OTHER THAN MARIJUANA1,2 14.9 14.9 15.1 15.2 14.7 14.6
CIGARETTES 15.1 15.2 15.3 15.2 15.0 15.2
Daily Cigarette Use4 15.6 15.8 15.8 15.9 15.4 15.8
SMOKELESS TOBACCO 15.2 15.3 15.3 15.3 15.0 15.3
CIGARS 15.4 15.4 15.5 15.3 15.4 15.4
ALCOHOL 14.9 15.0 15.0 15.0 14.8 14.9
100505
Table 4.15B – Mean Age at First Use among Past Year Initiates of Substance Use Aged 12 or Older Who Initiated Use Prior to the Age of 21, by Gender: 2008 and 2009
Substance Total
(2008)		 Total
(2009)		 Male
(2008)		 Male
(2009)		 Female
(2008)		 Female
(2009)
*Low precision; no estimate reported.
NOTE: Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview.
a Difference between estimate and 2009 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between estimate and 2009 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level.
1 Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically.
2 Estimates in these designated rows do not include data from methamphetamine initiation items added in 2007 or methamphetamine use items added in 2005 and 2006.
3 Nonmedical use of prescription-type psychotherapeutics includes the nonmedical use of pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, or sedatives and does not include over-the-counter drugs.
4 Daily Cigarette Use is defined as ever smoking every day for at least 30 days.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2008 and 2009.
ILLICIT DRUGS1,2 15.9 16.0 15.9 16.1 15.8 16.0
Marijuana and Hashish 16.1a 16.3 16.1 16.2 16.0a 16.4
Cocaine 17.3 17.5 17.4 17.7 17.2 17.0
Crack 17.8 17.5 18.1 18.2 17.4 16.5
Heroin 17.1 17.7 17.5 17.6 16.3a 17.8
Hallucinogens 16.8 17.0 16.9a 17.3 16.6 16.6
LSD 17.2 17.3 17.4 17.5 16.6 17.0
PCP 15.4 15.6 14.8 16.4 15.8 14.4
Ecstasy 17.3 17.1 17.6 17.4 17.0 16.7
Inhalants 15.0 15.0 15.3 15.2 14.6 14.8
Nonmedical Use of Psychotherapeutics2,3 16.4 16.6 16.6 16.7 16.2 16.5
Pain Relievers 16.3 16.4 16.6 16.7 16.1 16.1
OxyContin® 16.7 16.9 16.7a 17.3 16.7 16.4
Tranquilizers 17.0 16.9 17.1 17.0 16.8 16.8
Stimulants2 16.7 17.1 17.1 17.4 16.3 16.8
Sedatives 15.9 16.0 15.6 16.0 16.1 16.0
ILLICIT DRUGS OTHER THAN MARIJUANA1,2 16.0 16.2 16.2 16.5 15.8 16.0
CIGARETTES 16.2 16.3 16.5 16.4 16.0 16.3
Daily Cigarette Use4 17.2 17.2 17.2 17.2 17.1 17.2
SMOKELESS TOBACCO 16.4 16.5 16.4 16.4 16.4 16.6
CIGARS 16.6 16.6 16.7 16.6 16.5 16.7
ALCOHOL 15.9 15.9 16.0 16.0 15.7 15.8
100505
Table 4.16B – Mean Age at First Use among Past Year Initiates of Substance Use Aged 12 to 49, by Gender: 2008 and 2009
Substance Total
(2008)		 Total
(2009)		 Male
(2008)		 Male
(2009)		 Female
(2008)		 Female
(2009)
*Low precision; no estimate reported.
NOTE: Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview.
a Difference between estimate and 2009 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between estimate and 2009 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level.
1 Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically.
2 Estimates in these designated rows do not include data from methamphetamine initiation items added in 2007 or methamphetamine use items added in 2005 and 2006.
3 Nonmedical use of prescription-type psychotherapeutics includes the nonmedical use of pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, or sedatives and does not include over-the-counter drugs.
4 Daily Cigarette Use is defined as ever smoking every day for at least 30 days.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2008 and 2009.
ILLICIT DRUGS1,2 18.8b 17.6 17.8 16.9 19.7a 18.2
Marijuana and Hashish 17.8a 17.0 17.2a 16.6 18.3 17.4
Cocaine 19.8 20.0 19.4 19.4 20.4 20.7
Crack 27.2b 20.6 27.0a 21.1 27.5b 20.1
Heroin 23.4 25.5 25.7 22.5 18.5b 28.8
Hallucinogens 18.6 18.9 18.7 19.2 18.4 18.5
LSD 18.4 18.4 18.8 18.4 17.2a 18.3
PCP 15.8 16.8 15.8 16.4 15.8 17.2
Ecstasy 20.3 20.2 20.6 20.7 19.9 19.6
Inhalants 15.9 16.9 16.6 18.1 15.1 15.5
Nonmedical Use of Psychotherapeutics2,3 22.0 21.0 20.3 19.6 23.3 22.0
Pain Relievers 21.2 20.8 20.8 20.2 21.5 21.3
OxyContin® 21.8 22.3 21.8 22.8 21.8 21.8
Tranquilizers 24.4 22.4 21.1 20.7 26.6a 23.8
Stimulants2 21.3 21.5 19.9 20.2 22.3 22.5
Sedatives 21.6 19.7 20.5 19.6 22.1 19.9
ILLICIT DRUGS OTHER THAN MARIJUANA1,2 20.4a 19.3 19.3a 18.0 21.4 20.4
CIGARETTES 17.4 17.5 17.3 17.2 17.4 17.8
Daily Cigarette Use4 20.1 20.7 19.3 19.6 20.9 21.8
SMOKELESS TOBACCO 18.9 18.8 18.8 18.7 19.0 19.3
CIGARS 20.0 20.7 19.1 19.8 21.0 22.1
ALCOHOL 17.0 16.9 16.9 16.6 17.1 17.2

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