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80428
Table 4.1B – Past Year Initiation of Illicit Drug Use among Persons Aged 12 or Older, Persons Aged 12 or Older At Risk for Initiation of Illicit Drug Use, and Past Year Illicit Drug Users Aged 12 or Older, by Demographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands and Percentages, 2006 and 2007
Demographic Characteristic NUMBER OF PAST YEAR INITIATES (1,000s)1 PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG TOTAL POPULATION1 PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG PERSONS AT RISK FOR INITIATION1,2 PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG PAST YEAR USERS1
2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007
*Low precision; no estimate reported.
NOTE: Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. These estimates do not include data from methamphetamine initiation items added in 2007 or methamphetamine use items added in 2005 and 2006.
a Difference between estimate and 2007 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between estimate and 2007 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level.
1 Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview.
2 At Risk for Initiation is defined as persons who did not use the substance(s) in their lifetime or used the substance(s) for the first time in the past year.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2006 and 2007.
TOTAL 2,789 2,670 1.1 1.1 2.0 2.0 7.8 7.5
AGE                
12-25 2,374 2,344 4.1 4.0 6.9 6.7 14.6 15.0
12-17 1,467 1,471 5.8 5.8 7.4 7.3 29.5 31.1
12-13 257 244 3.2 3.0 3.6 3.3 37.8 38.4
14-15 580 556 6.6 6.5 8.3 8.0 33.9 35.9
16-17 629 671 7.4 7.8 11.0 11.4 24.4 26.4
18-25 908 874 2.8 2.7 6.3 5.9 8.1 8.0
18-20 602 646 4.7 4.9 9.4 9.3 12.5 13.6
21-25 305a 228 1.5a 1.2 3.8a 2.9 4.7 3.7
26 or Older 414 326 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.3 2.1 1.6
GENDER                
Male 1,305 1,225 1.1 1.0 2.2 2.0 6.3 5.9
Female 1,483 1,445 1.2 1.1 1.9 1.9 9.9 9.8
GENDER/AGE                
Male 12-17 677 736 5.2 5.7 6.8 7.3 26.8 29.5
Female 12-17 790 734 6.4 5.9 8.0 7.4 32.3 33.0
80428
Table 4.2B – Past Year Initiation of Marijuana Use among Persons Aged 12 or Older, Persons Aged 12 or Older At Risk for Initiation of Marijuana Use, and Past Year Marijuana Users Aged 12 or Older, by Demographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands and Percentages, 2006 and 2007
Demographic Characteristic NUMBER OF PAST YEAR INITIATES (1,000s)1 PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG TOTAL POPULATION1 PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG PERSONS AT RISK FOR INITIATION1,2 PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG PAST YEAR USERS1
2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007
*Low precision; no estimate reported.
a Difference between estimate and 2007 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between estimate and 2007 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level.
1 Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview.
2 At Risk for Initiation is defined as persons who did not use the substance(s) in their lifetime or used the substance(s) for the first time in the past year.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2006 and 2007.
TOTAL 2,063 2,090 0.8 0.8 1.4 1.4 8.1 8.3
AGE                
12-25 1,937 1,955 3.3 3.4 5.0 5.0 15.5 16.1
12-17 1,193 1,167 4.7 4.6 5.4 5.2 35.6 37.1
12-13 80 91 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.1 45.7 56.3
14-15 504 425 5.7 5.0 6.4 5.5 46.4 44.6
16-17 610 651 7.2 7.6 9.6 9.9 29.2 32.0
18-25 744 789 2.3 2.4 4.6 4.7 8.1 8.8
18-20 507a 630 4.0a 4.8 7.0 8.0 12.6a 15.7
21-25 236a 159 1.2a 0.8 2.6a 1.8 4.6a 3.2
26 or Older 126 134 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 1.0 1.0
GENDER                
Male 976 1,037 0.8 0.9 1.4 1.5 6.3 6.6
Female 1,087 1,053 0.9 0.8 1.3 1.3 11.1 11.1
GENDER/AGE                
Male 12-17 554 595 4.3 4.6 4.9 5.3 31.8 34.0
Female 12-17 639 572 5.1 4.6 5.8 5.2 39.9 40.9
80428
Table 4.3B – Past Year Initiation of Cigarette Use among Persons Aged 12 or Older, Persons Aged 12 or Older At Risk for Initiation of Cigarette Use, and Past Year Cigarette Users Aged 12 or Older, by Demographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands and Percentages, 2006 and 2007
Demographic Characteristic NUMBER OF PAST YEAR INITIATES (1,000s)1 PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG TOTAL POPULATION1 PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG PERSONS AT RISK FOR INITIATION1,2 PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG PAST YEAR USERS1
2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007
*Low precision; no estimate reported.
a Difference between estimate and 2007 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between estimate and 2007 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level.
1 Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview.
2 At Risk for Initiation is defined as persons who did not use the substance(s) in their lifetime or used the substance(s) for the first time in the past year.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2006 and 2007.
TOTAL 2,449a 2,231 1.0a 0.9 2.9b 2.5 3.4 3.2
AGE                
12-25 2,367 2,186 4.1 3.8 7.4a 6.6 12.0 11.7
12-17 1,328 1,197 5.2 4.7 6.6a 5.9 30.8 30.3
12-13 208 162 2.6 2.0 2.8 2.1 51.1 49.3
14-15 496 443 5.6 5.2 7.0 6.3 35.6 36.0
16-17 624 592 7.3 6.9 11.3 10.3 24.8 24.7
18-25 1,038 989 3.2 3.0 8.7 7.9 6.7 6.7
18-20 817 784 6.4 5.9 14.0 12.4 14.1 13.8
21-25 221 205 1.1 1.1 3.6 3.3 2.3 2.3
26 or Older 83 45 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1
GENDER                
Male 1,201 1,100 1.0 0.9 3.4 3.0 3.1 2.9
Female 1,249 1,131 1.0 0.9 2.5a 2.2 3.8 3.5
GENDER/AGE                
Male 12-17 644 592 5.0 4.6 6.3 5.7 29.8 28.6
Female 12-17 685 606 5.5 4.9 6.9 6.0 31.8 32.1
80428
Table 4.4B – Past Year Initiation of Alcohol Use among Persons Aged 12 or Older, Persons Aged 12 or Older At Risk for Initiation of Alcohol Use, and Past Year Alcohol Users Aged 12 or Older, by Demographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands and Percentages, 2006 and 2007
Demographic Characteristic NUMBER OF PAST YEAR INITIATES (1,000s)1 PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG TOTAL POPULATION1 PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG PERSONS AT RISK FOR INITIATION1,2 PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG PAST YEAR USERS1
2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007
*Low precision; no estimate reported.
a Difference between estimate and 2007 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between estimate and 2007 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level.
1 Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview.
2 At Risk for Initiation is defined as persons who did not use the substance(s) in their lifetime or used the substance(s) for the first time in the past year.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2006 and 2007.
TOTAL 4,381 4,559 1.8 1.8 9.3 9.4 2.7 2.8
AGE                
12-25 4,321 4,446 7.4 7.7 18.1 18.1 12.6 13.3
12-17 2,698 2,689 10.6 10.7 15.1 15.0 32.3 33.6
12-13 391 369 4.9 4.5 5.4 5.0 46.3 46.6
14-15 1,116 1,152 12.7 13.5 17.8 18.3 38.1b 42.9
16-17 1,191 1,168 14.0 13.6 27.4 26.9 26.0 25.7
18-25 1,623 1,757 5.0 5.4 26.8 26.6 6.3 6.9
18-20 1,150 1,173 9.0 8.9 31.7 29.4 12.4 12.6
21-25 473a 584 2.4a 3.0 19.5 22.3 2.9a 3.6
26 or Older 60 112 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.0 0.1
GENDER                
Male 2,174 2,200 1.8 1.8 11.5 11.2 2.6 2.6
Female 2,208 2,359 1.7 1.8 7.8 8.2 2.8 3.0
GENDER/AGE                
Male 12-17 1,305 1,293 10.1 10.0 14.4 14.3 31.3 31.9
Female 12-17 1,393 1,397 11.2 11.3 15.9 15.7 33.3 35.3
80428
Table 4.5B – Past Year Initiation of Substance Use among Persons Aged 12 or Older, Persons Aged 12 or Older At Risk for Initiation of Substance Use, and Past Year Substance Users Aged 12 or Older: Numbers in Thousands and Percentages, 2006 and 2007
Substance NUMBER OF PAST YEAR INITIATES (1,000s)1 PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG TOTAL POPULATION1 PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG PERSONS AT RISK FOR INITIATION1,2 PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG PAST YEAR USERS1
2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007
*Low precision; no estimate reported.
-- Not available.
a Difference between estimate and 2007 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between estimate and 2007 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level.
1 Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview.
2 At Risk for Initiation is defined as persons who did not use the substance(s) in their lifetime or used the substance(s) for the first time in the past year.
3 Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically.
4 Estimates in these designated rows do not include data from methamphetamine initiation items added in 2007 or methamphetamine use items added in 2005 and 2006.
5 Nonmedical use of prescription-type psychotherapeutics includes the nonmedical use of pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, or sedatives and does not include over-the-counter drugs.
6 Daily Cigarette Use is defined as ever smoking every day for at least 30 days.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2006 and 2007.
ILLICIT DRUGS3,4 2,789 2,670 1.1 1.1 2.0 2.0 7.8 7.5
Marijuana and Hashish 2,063 2,090 0.8 0.8 1.4 1.4 8.1 8.3
Cocaine 977 906 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 16.1 15.8
Crack 245 352 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 16.5 24.3
Heroin 91 106 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 16.2 *
Hallucinogens 1,116 1,064 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 28.2 28.3
LSD 264 270 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 39.7 43.6
PCP 69 58 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 * *
Ecstasy 860 781 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 40.4 36.6
Inhalants 783 775 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 35.3 37.2
Nonmedical Use of Psychotherapeutics4,5 2,576 2,532 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.3 15.8 15.7
Pain Relievers 2,150 2,147 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 17.0 17.2
OxyContin® 533 554 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 40.3 39.0
Tranquilizers 1,112 1,232 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 22.0 23.3
Stimulants4 845a 642 0.3a 0.3 0.4a 0.3 24.9 23.4
Sedatives 267 198 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 28.8 23.0
ILLICIT DRUGS OTHER THAN MARIJUANA3,4 2,719 2,563 1.1 1.0 1.5 1.4 12.8 12.1
CIGARETTES 2,449a 2,231 1.0a 0.9 2.9b 2.5 3.4 3.2
Daily Cigarette Use6 1,051 984 0.4 0.4 0.7 0.6 -- --
SMOKELESS TOBACCO 1,329 1,297 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.6 11.8 11.8
CIGARS 3,061 3,076 1.2 1.2 1.9 1.9 11.4 11.6
ALCOHOL 4,381 4,559 1.8 1.8 9.3 9.4 2.7 2.8
80428
Table 4.6B – Past Year Initiation of Substance Use among Persons Aged 12 to 17, Persons Aged 12 to 17 At Risk for Initiation of Substance Use, and Past Year Substance Users Aged 12 to 17: Numbers in Thousands and Percentages, 2006 and 2007
Substance NUMBER OF PAST YEAR INITIATES (1,000s)1 PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG TOTAL POPULATION1 PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG PERSONS AT RISK FOR INITIATION1,2 PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG PAST YEAR USERS1
2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007
*Low precision; no estimate reported.
-- Not available.
a Difference between estimate and 2007 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between estimate and 2007 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level.
1 Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview.
2 At Risk for Initiation is defined as persons who did not use the substance(s) in their lifetime or used the substance(s) for the first time in the past year.
3 Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically.
4 Estimates in these designated rows do not include data from methamphetamine initiation items added in 2007 or methamphetamine use items added in 2005 and 2006.
5 Nonmedical use of prescription-type psychotherapeutics includes the nonmedical use of pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, or sedatives and does not include over-the-counter drugs.
6 Daily Cigarette Use is defined as ever smoking every day for at least 30 days.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2006 and 2007.
ILLICIT DRUGS3,4 1,467 1,471 5.8 5.8 7.4 7.3 29.5 31.1
Marijuana and Hashish 1,193 1,167 4.7 4.6 5.4 5.2 35.6 37.1
Cocaine 260 252 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 63.2 65.9
Crack 41 52 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 * *
Heroin 24 16 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 * *
Hallucinogens 395 397 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 60.9 63.2
LSD 75 96 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.4 * 76.7
PCP 43 38 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 * *
Ecstasy 205 243 0.8 1.0 0.8 1.0 67.1 74.0
Inhalants 572 498 2.3 2.0 2.4 2.1 51.5 50.1
Nonmedical Use of Psychotherapeutics4,5 908 853 3.6 3.4 3.9 3.7 41.9 42.0
Pain Relievers 802 750 3.2 3.0 3.4 3.2 44.1 44.6
OxyContin® 135 152 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.6 67.9 65.2
Tranquilizers 240 268 0.9 1.1 1.0 1.1 49.7 53.0
Stimulants4 296a 226 1.2a 0.9 1.2a 0.9 58.0 55.6
Sedatives 63 67 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 57.2 *
ILLICIT DRUGS OTHER THAN MARIJUANA3,4 1,143 1,063 4.5 4.2 5.3 4.9 36.3 36.5
CIGARETTES 1,328 1,197 5.2 4.7 6.6a 5.9 30.8 30.3
Daily Cigarette Use6 387 332 1.5 1.3 1.6 1.4 -- --
SMOKELESS TOBACCO 589 619 2.3 2.5 2.4 2.6 48.5 47.7
CIGARS 1,212 1,144 4.8 4.5 5.2 5.0 51.0 48.4
ALCOHOL 2,698 2,689 10.6 10.7 15.1 15.0 32.3 33.6
80428
Table 4.7B – Past Year Initiation of Substance Use among Persons Aged 18 to 25, Persons Aged 18 to 25 At Risk for Initiation of Substance Use, and Past Year Substance Users Aged 18 to 25: Numbers in Thousands and Percentages, 2006 and 2007
Substance NUMBER OF PAST YEAR INITIATES (1,000s)1 PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG TOTAL POPULATION1 PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG PERSONS AT RISK FOR INITIATION1,2 PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG PAST YEAR USERS1
2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007
*Low precision; no estimate reported.
-- Not available.
a Difference between estimate and 2007 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between estimate and 2007 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level.
1 Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview.
2 At Risk for Initiation is defined as persons who did not use the substance(s) in their lifetime or used the substance(s) for the first time in the past year.
3 Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically.
4 Estimates in these designated rows do not include data from methamphetamine initiation items added in 2007 or methamphetamine use items added in 2005 and 2006.
5 Nonmedical use of prescription-type psychotherapeutics includes the nonmedical use of pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, or sedatives and does not include over-the-counter drugs.
6 Daily Cigarette Use is defined as ever smoking every day for at least 30 days.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2006 and 2007.
ILLICIT DRUGS3,4 908 874 2.8 2.7 6.3 5.9 8.1 8.0
Marijuana and Hashish 744 789 2.3 2.4 4.6 4.7 8.1 8.8
Cocaine 570 542 1.7 1.7 2.0 1.9 25.2 26.0
Crack 131 88 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.3 44.7 35.4
Heroin 57 70 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 * *
Hallucinogens 569 539 1.7 1.6 2.1 2.0 26.5 26.3
LSD 161 171 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 42.6 45.6
PCP 26 20 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 * *
Ecstasy 494 414 1.5 1.3 1.7 1.4 40.1 35.9
Inhalants 190 201 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 32.9 38.1
Nonmedical Use of Psychotherapeutics4,5 898 930 2.7 2.8 3.8 3.9 17.7 19.1
Pain Relievers 794 851 2.4 2.6 3.2 3.3 19.5 21.4
OxyContin® 224 215 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 39.0 38.0
Tranquilizers 495 447 1.5 1.4 1.7 1.5 27.7 26.3
Stimulants4 310 278 0.9 0.8 1.0 0.9 24.6 26.3
Sedatives 60 51 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 32.2 29.6
ILLICIT DRUGS OTHER THAN MARIJUANA3,4 1,034 953 3.2 2.9 5.0 4.5 15.6 15.0
CIGARETTES 1,038 989 3.2 3.0 8.7 7.9 6.7 6.7
Daily Cigarette Use6 555 568 1.7 1.7 2.5 2.5 -- --
SMOKELESS TOBACCO 567 597 1.7 1.8 2.1 2.2 19.9 20.4
CIGARS 1,279 1,376 3.9 4.2 6.4 6.8 16.1 17.8
ALCOHOL 1,623 1,757 5.0 5.4 26.8 26.6 6.3 6.9
80428
Table 4.8B – Past Year Initiation of Substance Use among Persons Aged 26 or Older, Persons Aged 26 or Older At Risk for Initiation of Substance Use, and Past Year Substance Users Aged 26 or Older: Numbers in Thousands and Percentages, 2006 and 2007
Substance NUMBER OF PAST YEAR INITIATES (1,000s)1 PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG TOTAL POPULATION1 PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG PERSONS AT RISK FOR INITIATION1,2 PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG PAST YEAR USERS1
2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007
*Low precision; no estimate reported.
-- Not available.
a Difference between estimate and 2007 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between estimate and 2007 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level.
1 Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview.
2 At Risk for Initiation is defined as persons who did not use the substance(s) in their lifetime or used the substance(s) for the first time in the past year.
3 Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically.
4 Estimates in these designated rows do not include data from methamphetamine initiation items added in 2007 or methamphetamine use items added in 2005 and 2006.
5 Nonmedical use of prescription-type psychotherapeutics includes the nonmedical use of pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, or sedatives and does not include over-the-counter drugs.
6 Daily Cigarette Use is defined as ever smoking every day for at least 30 days.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2006 and 2007.
ILLICIT DRUGS3,4 414 326 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.3 2.1 1.6
Marijuana and Hashish 126 134 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 1.0 1.0
Cocaine 147 112 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 4.3 3.4
Crack 73 212 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 6.5 *
Heroin 9 20 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 * *
Hallucinogens 152 128 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 13.1 11.8
LSD 28 * 0.0 * 0.0 * * *
PCP * * * * * * * *
Ecstasy 161 124 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 * *
Inhalants 22 76 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 * *
Nonmedical Use of Psychotherapeutics4,5 770 750 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 8.5 8.1
Pain Relievers 554 547 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 8.2 8.0
OxyContin® 173 187 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 * *
Tranquilizers 377 516 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 13.5 16.8
Stimulants4 239 138 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 14.7 10.8
Sedatives 145 80 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 * *
ILLICIT DRUGS OTHER THAN MARIJUANA3,4 543 548 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 4.7 4.6
CIGARETTES 83 45 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1
Daily Cigarette Use6 109 84 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 -- --
SMOKELESS TOBACCO 174 80 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 2.4 1.2
CIGARS 570 556 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.5 3.4 3.4
ALCOHOL 60 112 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.0 0.1
80428
Table 4.9A – Past Year Initiation of Substance Use among Persons Aged 12 or Older, by Gender: Numbers in Thousands, 2006 and 2007
Substance NUMBER OF PAST YEAR INITIATES (1,000s)1
Total Male Female
2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007
*Low precision; no estimate reported.
a Difference between estimate and 2007 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between estimate and 2007 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level.
1 Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview.
2 Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically.
3 Estimates in these designated rows do not include data from methamphetamine initiation items added in 2007 or methamphetamine use items added in 2005 and 2006.
4 Nonmedical use of prescription-type psychotherapeutics includes the nonmedical use of pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, or sedatives and does not include over-the-counter drugs.
5 Daily Cigarette Use is defined as ever smoking every day for at least 30 days.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2006 and 2007.
ILLICIT DRUGS2,3 2,789 2,670 1,305 1,225 1,483 1,445
Marijuana and Hashish 2,063 2,090 976 1,037 1,087 1,053
Cocaine 977 906 510 538 467a 368
Crack 245 352 142 253 102 99
Heroin 91 106 55 72 36 34
Hallucinogens 1,116 1,064 501 609 615a 454
LSD 264 270 143 182 121 89
PCP 69 58 31 37 38 22
Ecstasy 860 781 380 446 480a 336
Inhalants 783 775 388 429 395 346
Nonmedical Use of Psychotherapeutics3,4 2,576 2,532 1,115 1,133 1,461 1,399
Pain Relievers 2,150 2,147 1,015 1,032 1,134 1,115
OxyContin® 533 554 279 259 254 295
Tranquilizers 1,112 1,232 450 495 662 736
Stimulants3 845a 642 287 218 558 423
Sedatives 267 198 68 79 199 120
ILLICIT DRUGS OTHER THAN MARIJUANA2,3 2,719 2,563 1,263 1,222 1,456 1,341
CIGARETTES 2,449a 2,231 1,201 1,100 1,249 1,131
Daily Cigarette Use5 1,051 984 551 525 500 459
SMOKELESS TOBACCO 1,329 1,297 1,034 962 295 335
CIGARS 3,061 3,076 1,643 1,673 1,418 1,404
ALCOHOL 4,381 4,559 2,174 2,200 2,208 2,359
80428
Table 4.10A – Past Year Initiation of Substance Use among Persons Aged 12 or Older Who Initiated Use Prior to the Age of 18, by Gender: Numbers in Thousands, 2006 and 2007
Substance NUMBER OF PAST YEAR INITIATES (1,000s)1
Total Male Female
2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007
*Low precision; no estimate reported.
a Difference between estimate and 2007 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between estimate and 2007 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level.
1 Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview.
2 Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically.
3 Estimates in these designated rows do not include data from methamphetamine initiation items added in 2007 or methamphetamine use items added in 2005 and 2006.
4 Nonmedical use of prescription-type psychotherapeutics includes the nonmedical use of pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, or sedatives and does not include over-the-counter drugs.
5 Daily Cigarette Use is defined as ever smoking every day for at least 30 days.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2006 and 2007.
ILLICIT DRUGS2,3 1,613 1,604 771 807 841 797
Marijuana and Hashish 1,306 1,300 613 669 693 631
Cocaine 332 304 162 146 170 157
Crack 59 59 25 26 35 32
Heroin 31 19 18 11 14 7
Hallucinogens 474 475 248 252 227 223
LSD 91 111 44 68 47 43
PCP 43 41 19 27 24 14
Ecstasy 257 303 115 146 142 157
Inhalants 605a 514 285 267 319a 247
Nonmedical Use of Psychotherapeutics3,4 1,036 985 536 480 500 505
Pain Relievers 930 871 482 415 448 456
OxyContin® 167 178 81 79 86 99
Tranquilizers 290 327 124 151 166 176
Stimulants3 319 259 135 105 184 154
Sedatives 69 69 33 20 36 49
ILLICIT DRUGS OTHER THAN MARIJUANA2,3 1,291 1,196 640 615 651 581
CIGARETTES 1,500a 1,333 742 665 758 668
Daily Cigarette Use5 464 400 237 214 227 186
SMOKELESS TOBACCO 655 681 530 528 125 153
CIGARS 1,423 1,320 851 820 572 500
ALCOHOL 2,944 2,947 1,429 1,430 1,515 1,517
80428
Table 4.11A – Past Year Initiation of Substance Use among Persons Aged 12 or Older Who Initiated Use Prior to the Age of 21, by Gender: Numbers in Thousands, 2006 and 2007
Substance NUMBER OF PAST YEAR INITIATES (1,000s)1
Total Male Female
2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007
*Low precision; no estimate reported.
a Difference between estimate and 2007 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between estimate and 2007 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level.
1 Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview.
2 Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically.
3 Estimates in these designated rows do not include data from methamphetamine initiation items added in 2007 or methamphetamine use items added in 2005 and 2006.
4 Nonmedical use of prescription-type psychotherapeutics includes the nonmedical use of pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, or sedatives and does not include over-the-counter drugs.
5 Daily Cigarette Use is defined as ever smoking every day for at least 30 days.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2006 and 2007.
ILLICIT DRUGS2,3 2,135 2,159 1,006 1,056 1,129 1,103
Marijuana and Hashish 1,754 1,822 828 907 926 915
Cocaine 676 625 341 359 334a 267
Crack 140 105 78 53 62 52
Heroin 67 54 42 32 26 22
Hallucinogens 812 795 431 458 381 337
LSD 185 222 102 145 83 78
PCP 64 54 31 33 33 21
Ecstasy 552 533 289 289 263 244
Inhalants 718 640 356 352 363a 288
Nonmedical Use of Psychotherapeutics3,4 1,539 1,499 756 741 782 758
Pain Relievers 1,332 1,331 680 682 652 650
OxyContin® 273 271 147 125 125 146
Tranquilizers 559 539 261 244 297 295
Stimulants3 505 427 212 171 293 257
Sedatives 94 88 47 32 47 56
ILLICIT DRUGS OTHER THAN MARIJUANA2,3 1,873 1,753 933 929 940 825
CIGARETTES 2,203 2,030 1,114 1,021 1,089 1,009
Daily Cigarette Use5 821 778 431 429 391 348
SMOKELESS TOBACCO 1,012 1,090 822 841 190 249
CIGARS 2,192 2,206 1,313 1,341 879 865
ALCOHOL 3,906 3,915 1,955 1,908 1,951 2,007
80428
Table 4.12A – Past Year Initiation of Substance Use among Persons Aged 12 to 49, by Gender: Numbers in Thousands, 2006 and 2007
Substance NUMBER OF PAST YEAR INITIATES (1,000s)1
Total Male Female
2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007
*Low precision; no estimate reported.
a Difference between estimate and 2007 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between estimate and 2007 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level.
1 Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview.
2 Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically.
3 Estimates in these designated rows do not include data from methamphetamine initiation items added in 2007 or methamphetamine use items added in 2005 and 2006.
4 Nonmedical use of prescription-type psychotherapeutics includes the nonmedical use of pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, or sedatives and does not include over-the-counter drugs.
5 Daily Cigarette Use is defined as ever smoking every day for at least 30 days.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2006 and 2007.
ILLICIT DRUGS2,3 2,780 2,595 1,296 1,212 1,483 1,383
Marijuana and Hashish 2,063 2,077 976 1,024 1,087 1,053
Cocaine 967 906 510 538 457 368
Crack 235 288 142 189 93 99
Heroin 91 106 55 72 36 34
Hallucinogens 1,116 1,054 501 609 615a 445
LSD 264 270 143 182 121 89
PCP 69 58 31 37 38 22
Ecstasy 849 781 380 446 469a 336
Inhalants 783 774 388 428 395 346
Nonmedical Use of Psychotherapeutics3,4 2,556 2,381 1,104 1,083 1,453 1,298
Pain Relievers 2,119 2,052 993 981 1,127 1,071
OxyContin® 515 523 277 259 238 264
Tranquilizers 1,104 1,164 450 484 654 680
Stimulants3 845a 642 287 218 558 423
Sedatives 240 198 66 79 174 120
ILLICIT DRUGS OTHER THAN MARIJUANA2,3 2,702 2,477 1,254 1,222 1,448 1,255
CIGARETTES 2,449a 2,231 1,201 1,100 1,249 1,131
Daily Cigarette Use5 1,037 984 537 525 500 459
SMOKELESS TOBACCO 1,299 1,288 1,008 962 291 326
CIGARS 2,937 3,034 1,600 1,673 1,337 1,362
ALCOHOL 4,381 4,546 2,174 2,188 2,208 2,359
80428
Table 4.13B – Mean Age at First Use among Past Year Initiates of Substance Use Aged 12 or Older, by Gender: 2006 and 2007
Substance MEAN AGE
Total Male Female
2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007
*Low precision; no estimate reported.
NOTE: Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview.
a Difference between estimate and 2007 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between estimate and 2007 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level.
1 Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically.
2 Estimates in these designated rows do not include data from methamphetamine initiation items added in 2007 or methamphetamine use items added in 2005 and 2006.
3 Nonmedical use of prescription-type psychotherapeutics includes the nonmedical use of pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, or sedatives and does not include over-the-counter drugs.
4 Daily Cigarette Use is defined as ever smoking every day for at least 30 days.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2006 and 2007.
ILLICIT DRUGS1,2 19.1 19.2 19.2 17.5 19.0 20.6
Marijuana and Hashish 17.4 17.8 17.4 17.6 17.4 18.0
Cocaine 20.7 20.2 21.0 20.9 20.3 19.2
Crack 24.1b 33.8 23.9b 37.4 24.5 24.6
Heroin 20.7 21.8 20.0 21.1 21.8 23.3
Hallucinogens 19.7 19.4 17.8b 19.4 21.2 19.5
LSD 19.4 18.3 19.3 18.6 19.6 17.6
PCP 16.3 16.4 15.8 16.0 16.7 17.2
Ecstasy 21.1 20.2 19.1a 20.9 22.6a 19.4
Inhalants 15.7a 17.2 15.7a 17.5 15.6 16.8
Nonmedical Use of Psychotherapeutics2,3 23.1 23.8 21.5 21.7 24.2 25.6
Pain Relievers 22.4 22.6 21.9 21.6 22.8 23.6
OxyContin® 23.8 25.8 23.6 24.6 24.1 26.8
Tranquilizers 24.2 26.3 22.9 24.1 25.1 27.9
Stimulants2 23.0 21.9 19.7 19.0 24.7 23.3
Sedatives 30.0 24.2 19.9 23.5 33.4a 24.8
ILLICIT DRUGS OTHER THAN MARIJUANA1,2 20.9 21.4 20.1 19.1 21.5 23.4
CIGARETTES 17.1 16.9 16.7 16.7 17.4 17.1
Daily Cigarette Use4 19.3 19.2 19.9 19.2 18.7 19.3
SMOKELESS TOBACCO 20.3 18.2 19.9 17.4 21.3 20.6
CIGARS 21.4 21.1 20.0 19.2 23.1 23.3
ALCOHOL 16.6 17.0 16.5 17.0 16.6 16.9
80428
Table 4.14B – Mean Age at First Use among Past Year Initiates of Substance Use Aged 12 or Older Who Initiated Use Prior to the Age of 18, by Gender: 2006 and 2007
Substance MEAN AGE
Total Male Female
2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007
*Low precision; no estimate reported.
NOTE: Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview.
a Difference between estimate and 2007 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between estimate and 2007 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level.
1 Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically.
2 Estimates in these designated rows do not include data from methamphetamine initiation items added in 2007 or methamphetamine use items added in 2005 and 2006.
3 Nonmedical use of prescription-type psychotherapeutics includes the nonmedical use of pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, or sedatives and does not include over-the-counter drugs.
4 Daily Cigarette Use is defined as ever smoking every day for at least 30 days.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2006 and 2007.
ILLICIT DRUGS1,2 14.9 14.9 15.0 14.9 14.8 14.9
Marijuana and Hashish 15.2 15.3 15.3 15.3 15.2 15.3
Cocaine 15.9 15.9 16.3 16.1 15.6 15.6
Crack 16.1a 15.5 16.3 16.0 15.9a 15.0
Heroin 15.8 15.3 16.4 15.7 15.0 *
Hallucinogens 15.6 15.5 15.8 15.6 15.4 15.3
LSD 15.6 15.5 15.8 15.6 15.4 15.4
PCP 14.5 15.0 14.4 14.8 14.6 15.5
Ecstasy 15.9 15.7 16.1 15.8 15.8 15.6
Inhalants 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.1
Nonmedical Use of Psychotherapeutics2,3 15.2 15.2 15.3 15.4 15.0 15.0
Pain Relievers 15.2 15.2 15.4 15.4 15.0 15.0
OxyContin® 15.6 15.6 15.8 16.0 15.4 15.3
Tranquilizers 15.6 15.4 15.7 15.6 15.6 15.3
Stimulants2 15.2 15.3 15.4 15.3 15.1 15.3
Sedatives 14.7 15.0 14.4 15.1 15.0 15.0
ILLICIT DRUGS OTHER THAN MARIJUANA1,2 14.9 14.9 15.0 15.0 14.8 14.8
CIGARETTES 15.0 15.0 15.1 15.0 14.8 15.0
Daily Cigarette Use4 15.5 15.6 15.7 15.7 15.4 15.5
SMOKELESS TOBACCO 15.3 15.3 15.4 15.3 15.1 15.3
CIGARS 15.4 15.4 15.4 15.4 15.4 15.5
ALCOHOL 14.9 14.9 14.9 15.0 14.9 14.9
80428
Table 4.15B – Mean Age at First Use among Past Year Initiates of Substance Use Aged 12 or Older Who Initiated Use Prior to the Age of 21, by Gender: 2006 and 2007
Substance MEAN AGE
Total Male Female
2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007
*Low precision; no estimate reported.
NOTE: Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview.
a Difference between estimate and 2007 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between estimate and 2007 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level.
1 Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically.
2 Estimates in these designated rows do not include data from methamphetamine initiation items added in 2007 or methamphetamine use items added in 2005 and 2006.
3 Nonmedical use of prescription-type psychotherapeutics includes the nonmedical use of pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, or sedatives and does not include over-the-counter drugs.
4 Daily Cigarette Use is defined as ever smoking every day for at least 30 days.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2006 and 2007.
ILLICIT DRUGS1,2 15.8 15.9 15.8 15.8 15.8 15.9
Marijuana and Hashish 16.1 16.2 16.1 16.1 16.1 16.4
Cocaine 17.4 17.4 17.6 17.7 17.2 17.0
Crack 17.6 17.0 17.8 17.5 17.3 16.5
Heroin 17.4 17.9 17.7 18.2 16.8 17.4
Hallucinogens 17.0 16.8 17.1 17.0 16.9 16.5
LSD 17.3 17.2 17.6 17.4 16.9 16.9
PCP 15.8 16.0 15.8 15.5 15.7 17.0
Ecstasy 17.5a 17.1 17.7 17.3 17.3 16.8
Inhalants 14.9 15.1 15.1 15.3 14.8 14.8
Nonmedical Use of Psychotherapeutics2,3 16.3 16.4 16.3 16.5 16.4 16.3
Pain Relievers 16.3 16.4 16.3a 16.7 16.2 16.2
OxyContin® 16.7 16.8 17.0 17.1 16.4 16.5
Tranquilizers 17.2 16.8 17.3 16.9 17.1 16.8
Stimulants2 16.6 16.7 16.7 16.6 16.5 16.8
Sedatives 15.8 15.9 15.6 16.5 16.0 15.5
ILLICIT DRUGS OTHER THAN MARIJUANA1,2 16.1 16.1 16.2 16.2 16.0 16.0
CIGARETTES 16.1 16.2 16.3 16.2 16.0 16.2
Daily Cigarette Use4 16.8 17.0 16.9 17.1 16.8 16.9
SMOKELESS TOBACCO 16.5 16.6 16.5 16.5 16.3 16.7
CIGARS 16.5 16.7 16.5 16.6 16.6 16.8
ALCOHOL 15.8 15.8 15.9 15.9 15.7 15.8
80428
Table 4.16B – Mean Age at First Use among Past Year Initiates of Substance Use Aged 12 to 49, by Gender: 2006 and 2007
Substance MEAN AGE
Total Male Female
2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007
*Low precision; no estimate reported.
NOTE: Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview.
a Difference between estimate and 2007 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between estimate and 2007 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level.
1 Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically.
2 Estimates in these designated rows do not include data from methamphetamine initiation items added in 2007 or methamphetamine use items added in 2005 and 2006.
3 Nonmedical use of prescription-type psychotherapeutics includes the nonmedical use of pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, or sedatives and does not include over-the-counter drugs.
4 Daily Cigarette Use is defined as ever smoking every day for at least 30 days.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2006 and 2007.
ILLICIT DRUGS1,2 19.0 18.0 18.9a 17.1 19.0 18.8
Marijuana and Hashish 17.4 17.6 17.4 17.1 17.4 18.0
Cocaine 20.3 20.2 21.0 20.9 19.5 19.2
Crack 22.9a 29.6 23.9a 32.3 21.3 24.6
Heroin 20.7 21.8 20.0 21.1 21.8 23.3
Hallucinogens 19.7 19.1 17.8b 19.4 21.2 18.8
LSD 19.4 18.3 19.3 18.6 19.6 17.6
PCP 16.3 16.4 15.8 16.0 16.7 17.2
Ecstasy 20.6 20.2 19.1a 20.9 21.9 19.4
Inhalants 15.7a 17.1 15.7a 17.4 15.6 16.8
Nonmedical Use of Psychotherapeutics2,3 22.9 21.8 21.2 20.4 24.1 23.0
Pain Relievers 21.9 21.2 21.2 20.2 22.6 22.2
OxyContin® 22.6 24.0 23.3 24.6 21.9 23.4
Tranquilizers 24.0 24.5 22.9 23.5 24.8 25.3
Stimulants2 23.0 21.9 19.7 19.0 24.7 23.3
Sedatives 26.5 24.2 18.9 23.5 29.4 24.8
ILLICIT DRUGS OTHER THAN MARIJUANA1,2 20.7 20.0 19.9 19.1 21.4 20.9
CIGARETTES 17.1 16.9 16.7 16.7 17.4 17.1
Daily Cigarette Use4 18.9 19.2 19.0 19.2 18.7 19.3
SMOKELESS TOBACCO 19.0 18.0 18.5 17.4 20.9 19.7
CIGARS 19.9 20.5 18.8 19.2 21.3 22.2
ALCOHOL 16.6 16.8 16.5 16.7 16.6 16.9

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