Appendix C: Comparison of the 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 Model-Based Estimates
(50 States and the District of Columbia)

101011

Table C.1 *Illicit Drug Use in Past Month,* by Age Group and State: 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 NSDUHs
State	12+ (2007-2008)	12+ (2008-2009)	12+ (p value)	12-17 (2007-2008)	12-17 (2008-2009)	12-17 (p value)	18-25 (2007-2008)	18-25 (2008-2009)	18-25 (p value)	26+ (2007-2008)	26+ (2008-2009)	26+ (p value)
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no change. NOTE: Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically; these estimates are based on data from original questions, excluding those on the use of over-the-counter drugs or new methamphetamine items that were added in 2005 and 2006. See Section B.4.8 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2008 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ^a Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality (formerly the Office of Applied Studies), National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2007, 2008, and 2009.
Total U.S.	8.02^a	8.35	0.012	9.40	9.65	0.186	19.69^a	20.43	0.038	5.84	6.10	0.142
Northeast	8.15^a	8.85	0.001	9.61	9.90	0.357	22.05^a	23.92	0.001	5.64^a	6.17	0.041
Midwest	7.70	7.77	0.670	9.39	9.62	0.381	19.31	19.35	0.929	5.47	5.54	0.762
South	7.30	7.45	0.312	8.85	8.79	0.816	17.85	18.41	0.203	5.31	5.44	0.553
West	9.38^a	9.92	0.027	10.09^b	10.79	0.070	21.00	21.78	0.200	7.18	7.65	0.138
Alabama	6.73	7.05	0.430	8.25	9.17	0.231	16.74	18.34	0.203	4.84	4.87	0.948
Alaska	11.79^a	13.54	0.024	10.95	11.08	0.897	24.49^a	28.62	0.023	9.53	11.07	0.113
Arizona	8.95	9.45	0.383	10.07	10.01	0.941	20.35	20.69	0.821	6.87	7.46	0.392
Arkansas	7.96	7.82	0.754	8.42	9.42	0.186	20.21	19.09	0.421	5.90	5.78	0.821
California	9.07^a	10.00	0.008	9.69^b	10.77	0.062	20.78	21.79	0.270	6.77^a	7.64	0.049
Colorado	11.72	11.31	0.564	12.12	12.12	1.000	26.83	27.29	0.798	9.15	8.55	0.475
Connecticut	8.23	8.90	0.164	10.06	10.27	0.804	22.41	24.91	0.121	5.76	6.19	0.425
Delaware	9.14	8.67	0.352	10.02	10.42	0.664	25.14	25.14	0.998	6.36	5.71	0.255
District of Columbia	12.13^a	10.55	0.023	11.03	11.45	0.712	26.26^a	22.08	0.019	9.12	7.89	0.119
Florida	7.80	8.04	0.491	9.05	9.01	0.943	18.86	18.17	0.408	6.03	6.44	0.340
Georgia	7.27	7.91	0.191	8.07	8.17	0.891	18.26	19.69	0.284	5.29	5.87	0.312
Hawaii	9.92^a	11.88	0.009	9.96	10.16	0.840	21.11	23.48	0.185	8.15^a	10.22	0.021
Idaho	8.00	8.22	0.625	9.70	9.89	0.810	17.96	17.99	0.983	5.98	6.27	0.597
Illinois	7.17^a	7.77	0.038	8.57^a	9.85	0.013	17.71	18.94	0.151	5.09	5.47	0.280
Indiana	8.79	8.48	0.509	10.89	10.52	0.709	20.75	19.93	0.547	6.49	6.28	0.712
Iowa	4.08^a	5.29	0.001	7.10^a	9.19	0.012	9.99^a	13.21	0.004	2.64^a	3.40	0.046
Kansas	6.77	7.00	0.596	8.85	8.96	0.894	15.74	16.22	0.721	4.80	5.03	0.655
Kentucky	8.41^a	7.44	0.045	9.25	8.12	0.152	20.40	18.23	0.109	6.43	5.66	0.175
Louisiana	7.16	7.16	0.994	8.48	7.44	0.167	17.17	18.86	0.192	5.04	4.87	0.753
Maine	9.09^a	11.15	0.001	11.18	10.89	0.742	24.54^a	28.63	0.008	6.69^a	8.75	0.008
Maryland	7.29	6.83	0.255	9.12	9.32	0.812	19.25	18.10	0.436	5.06	4.60	0.323
Massachusetts	8.87^a	10.89	0.000	10.35	11.00	0.457	24.41^a	27.84	0.046	6.00^a	7.87	0.003
Michigan	8.95	9.49	0.140	10.33	10.70	0.501	22.89	22.37	0.520	6.40	7.14	0.111
Minnesota	8.24^a	6.90	0.002	9.26	8.03	0.101	22.41^a	18.73	0.009	5.65^b	4.74	0.072
Mississippi	6.39	6.19	0.625	7.33^b	8.75	0.069	15.24	15.02	0.860	4.62	4.21	0.370
Missouri	7.38	7.56	0.692	8.78	8.05	0.330	18.70	19.28	0.664	5.32	5.56	0.649
Montana	10.02	9.61	0.463	11.29	11.41	0.900	25.04	24.52	0.736	7.32	6.90	0.526
Nebraska	6.43	6.69	0.503	8.85	8.59	0.720	16.29	17.00	0.574	4.25	4.49	0.595
Nevada	9.35	10.00	0.284	11.31	12.57	0.177	21.09	23.26	0.160	7.37	7.70	0.637
New Hampshire	10.73	11.24	0.433	11.72	11.55	0.855	29.21	30.32	0.537	7.78	8.29	0.511
New Jersey	6.42	6.78	0.368	8.22	8.37	0.834	18.87	20.48	0.249	4.30	4.46	0.722
New Mexico	8.71	9.07	0.546	11.80	12.38	0.575	20.10	19.12	0.510	6.19	6.78	0.411
New York	9.03^a	9.75	0.037	9.98	10.54	0.329	23.62^a	26.01	0.011	6.32	6.73	0.335
North Carolina	7.75	8.15	0.366	9.84	10.29	0.591	19.49	20.02	0.691	5.59	5.97	0.467
North Dakota	5.91	5.60	0.445	7.89	7.66	0.765	13.56	12.55	0.350	3.93	3.80	0.791
Ohio	7.61	7.53	0.787	9.66	9.88	0.678	19.62	19.91	0.713	5.36	5.20	0.643
Oklahoma	8.09	8.94	0.155	9.55	9.49	0.945	17.75	19.43	0.251	6.12	6.96	0.231
Oregon	12.18	12.33	0.846	12.19	12.31	0.904	26.04	27.85	0.275	10.04	9.92	0.896
Pennsylvania	6.57	6.77	0.481	8.70	8.68	0.969	17.61	18.03	0.585	4.50	4.68	0.573
Rhode Island	13.34	12.69	0.367	12.42	12.91	0.659	33.05	30.09	0.117	9.80	9.40	0.643
South Carolina	6.70^a	8.92	0.000	8.68	9.17	0.514	16.25^a	20.47	0.005	4.88^a	7.00	0.001
South Dakota	6.28	6.17	0.792	8.54	9.44	0.299	16.21	15.11	0.403	4.17	4.14	0.946
Tennessee	8.22	7.49	0.112	8.82	7.96	0.206	20.33	19.59	0.590	6.29	5.58	0.192
Texas	6.26	6.66	0.134	8.64	8.41	0.680	14.88^a	16.97	0.007	4.28	4.47	0.565
Utah	6.24	6.25	0.982	8.31	8.12	0.794	12.94	13.18	0.837	4.20	4.22	0.964
Vermont	11.64	12.34	0.326	13.09	11.89	0.230	30.77	32.72	0.274	8.34	9.06	0.393
Virginia	7.33^a	6.21	0.004	9.52	8.69	0.311	19.54^b	17.10	0.073	5.00^a	4.05	0.033
Washington	9.59	9.09	0.338	9.60	10.27	0.422	20.46	20.03	0.753	7.84	7.18	0.291
West Virginia	6.79^a	7.85	0.020	8.97	9.29	0.682	17.34^a	21.21	0.003	5.01	5.76	0.161
Wisconsin	8.67	7.96	0.140	9.93	9.70	0.785	21.54	21.26	0.839	6.33	5.50	0.146
Wyoming	6.82	6.42	0.339	9.97	10.17	0.822	17.16	17.36	0.881	4.58	4.02	0.241

101011

Table C.2 *Marijuana Use in Past Year,* by Age Group and State: 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 NSDUHs
State	12+ (2007-2008)	12+ (2008-2009)	12+ (p value)	12-17 (2007-2008)	12-17 (2008-2009)	12-17 (p value)	18-25 (2007-2008)	18-25 (2008-2009)	18-25 (p value)	26+ (2007-2008)	26+ (2008-2009)	26+ (p value)
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no change. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ^a Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality (formerly the Office of Applied Studies), National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2007, 2008, and 2009.
Total U.S.	10.22^a	10.82	0.000	12.74^a	13.28	0.022	27.52^a	29.08	0.000	6.91^a	7.36	0.011
Northeast	10.64^a	11.69	0.000	13.26	13.90	0.106	31.10^a	33.89	0.000	6.90^a	7.67	0.003
Midwest	10.10	10.34	0.156	12.64	12.80	0.602	27.93	28.43	0.290	6.68	6.91	0.278
South	9.25^b	9.58	0.053	11.86	12.01	0.613	24.17^a	25.25	0.012	6.40	6.63	0.273
West	11.51^a	12.54	0.000	13.77^a	15.22	0.001	29.43^a	31.75	0.001	7.97^a	8.70	0.028
Alabama	8.04	8.51	0.260	10.80	10.09	0.421	20.67	22.58	0.160	5.54	5.93	0.400
Alaska	14.92	16.29	0.112	15.03	15.87	0.458	33.41	35.44	0.270	11.42	12.75	0.219
Arizona	10.36	10.86	0.333	13.66	14.25	0.570	27.87	29.25	0.401	6.95	7.29	0.569
Arkansas	10.65	10.77	0.820	11.41	12.26	0.377	27.49	27.51	0.990	7.80	7.86	0.932
California	11.53^a	12.88	0.001	13.20^a	15.07	0.005	29.33^a	32.07	0.008	7.91^a	8.90	0.043
Colorado	13.64^a	15.09	0.048	16.61	18.55	0.126	35.52	38.50	0.102	9.62	10.77	0.176
Connecticut	11.34^a	12.53	0.033	13.53^a	15.89	0.026	34.61	36.95	0.204	7.40	8.24	0.195
Delaware	11.66	11.86	0.734	13.72^b	15.50	0.092	34.37	35.93	0.378	7.62	7.41	0.773
District of Columbia	15.58	14.29	0.104	13.82	14.66	0.467	36.70^a	33.06	0.048	11.07	10.05	0.269
Florida	9.67	10.10	0.259	12.30	12.87	0.363	26.06	26.46	0.643	6.98	7.38	0.367
Georgia	10.28	11.07	0.128	12.19	12.66	0.606	24.86	26.57	0.259	7.53	8.21	0.249
Hawaii	10.50^a	12.01	0.013	13.59	14.39	0.517	29.11	31.08	0.324	7.20^a	8.70	0.032
Idaho	9.37^a	10.68	0.006	12.52	13.47	0.302	25.27^a	28.14	0.049	6.08^a	7.21	0.038
Illinois	9.81^a	10.54	0.015	11.74^a	13.31	0.011	26.05^b	27.86	0.052	6.63	7.04	0.259
Indiana	10.26	10.30	0.943	13.16	12.93	0.820	27.31	27.22	0.956	6.99	7.10	0.828
Iowa	6.23^a	7.66	0.001	9.57^a	11.64	0.025	17.95^b	20.35	0.070	3.72^a	4.92	0.009
Kansas	9.00	9.43	0.316	11.79	12.01	0.808	25.09	25.50	0.801	5.59	6.08	0.284
Kentucky	9.78^a	8.86	0.035	12.57^b	10.89	0.070	25.54	24.59	0.506	6.97	6.15	0.103
Louisiana	8.97	8.59	0.421	10.68	9.76	0.268	22.74	23.31	0.713	6.05	5.59	0.367
Maine	12.12^a	13.56	0.032	15.63	14.17	0.185	36.36^b	39.65	0.077	8.33^b	9.87	0.053
Maryland	10.37	10.20	0.736	12.84	13.36	0.582	28.59	28.93	0.846	7.00	6.63	0.484
Massachusetts	12.28^a	14.55	0.000	15.43	16.38	0.408	35.72^a	40.19	0.015	7.84^a	9.79	0.006
Michigan	11.53^b	12.16	0.086	13.56	14.13	0.364	32.12	32.26	0.891	7.75	8.49	0.105
Minnesota	11.30^b	10.37	0.083	12.32	11.20	0.234	33.15^b	29.90	0.054	7.38	6.94	0.476
Mississippi	7.22^b	7.92	0.083	9.10	9.91	0.300	18.96	20.32	0.303	4.78	5.36	0.196
Missouri	9.47	9.66	0.697	12.22	11.45	0.358	25.45	26.98	0.323	6.47	6.57	0.851
Montana	12.32	12.21	0.849	16.30	15.51	0.468	35.06	34.80	0.882	7.98	8.04	0.925
Nebraska	8.81	9.21	0.367	11.53	10.79	0.367	23.82	24.51	0.642	5.62	6.10	0.330
Nevada	10.80	11.09	0.619	15.03	16.40	0.217	27.54	28.99	0.374	7.78	7.76	0.967
New Hampshire	14.50	14.88	0.627	17.17	16.58	0.600	41.54	41.82	0.883	10.04	10.56	0.587
New Jersey	8.41^b	9.20	0.084	10.46	11.65	0.175	26.91^b	30.03	0.080	5.33	5.68	0.492
New Mexico	10.34	10.95	0.247	15.75	16.79	0.384	28.30	29.08	0.652	6.29	6.84	0.350
New York	11.55^a	12.83	0.001	14.18	14.88	0.316	32.31^a	36.37	0.000	7.53^b	8.34	0.080
North Carolina	10.23	10.49	0.609	13.43	13.42	0.987	27.17	28.31	0.466	7.11	7.26	0.807
North Dakota	8.59	8.32	0.538	10.61	9.43	0.172	24.18	22.89	0.396	4.80	4.93	0.781
Ohio	10.24	10.05	0.536	13.82	12.92	0.158	28.74	29.41	0.470	6.73	6.51	0.556
Oklahoma	8.38^a	10.19	0.000	11.50	12.62	0.274	20.45^a	24.90	0.006	5.74^a	7.20	0.009
Oregon	14.09	14.45	0.615	16.57	18.29	0.166	36.96	37.35	0.819	10.27	10.46	0.824
Pennsylvania	8.46	8.90	0.136	11.37	11.48	0.841	24.82	25.39	0.526	5.42	5.88	0.191
Rhode Island	15.81^a	14.32	0.035	17.72	16.35	0.290	44.05^a	39.43	0.020	10.33	9.36	0.241
South Carolina	8.56^b	9.36	0.072	11.32	11.75	0.613	23.50	25.58	0.163	5.77	6.41	0.211
South Dakota	8.27^b	9.01	0.074	11.35	12.00	0.468	24.86	25.73	0.554	4.83^b	5.61	0.092
Tennessee	10.12	9.63	0.333	11.73	10.50	0.153	26.14	26.26	0.937	7.47	6.98	0.396
Texas	7.73^a	8.30	0.033	10.98	11.22	0.686	20.13^a	21.96	0.027	4.90	5.30	0.199
Utah	6.96	7.17	0.599	9.71	9.65	0.943	16.71	17.52	0.547	4.00	4.17	0.687
Vermont	15.47	15.97	0.476	17.86	16.64	0.331	44.24	45.02	0.668	10.50	11.15	0.431
Virginia	9.89	9.79	0.820	13.19	13.77	0.541	27.54	26.94	0.712	6.50	6.39	0.820
Washington	12.20	12.84	0.245	14.19	15.28	0.308	30.75^a	34.07	0.041	8.98	9.13	0.814
West Virginia	8.73^b	9.62	0.087	12.69	11.97	0.448	24.01	26.60	0.103	6.08	6.92	0.141
Wisconsin	10.70	10.66	0.937	13.56	13.82	0.793	31.04	31.04	0.999	6.88	6.83	0.926
Wyoming	9.81	9.89	0.858	14.83	14.23	0.576	27.03	27.11	0.960	6.10	6.30	0.714

101011

Table C.3 *Marijuana Use in Past Month,* by Age Group and State: 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 NSDUHs
State	12+ (2007-2008)	12+ (2008-2009)	12+ (p value)	12-17 (2007-2008)	12-17 (2008-2009)	12-17 (p value)	18-25 (2007-2008)	18-25 (2008-2009)	18-25 (p value)	26+ (2007-2008)	26+ (2008-2009)	26+ (p value)
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no change. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ^a Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality (formerly the Office of Applied Studies), National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2007, 2008, and 2009.
Total U.S.	5.96^a	6.36	0.000	6.67^a	6.98	0.046	16.45^a	17.30	0.007	4.06^a	4.40	0.013
Northeast	6.31^a	6.98	0.000	7.31	7.74	0.106	19.34^a	21.06	0.001	4.00^a	4.51	0.011
Midwest	5.91	6.07	0.225	6.78	7.00	0.309	16.30	16.51	0.594	4.00	4.15	0.354
South	5.24^b	5.46	0.076	6.00	6.04	0.869	14.43^b	15.11	0.077	3.60	3.75	0.279
West	6.85^a	7.58	0.000	7.10^a	7.85	0.017	17.43^b	18.43	0.077	4.90^a	5.58	0.010
Alabama	4.57^b	5.06	0.098	5.23	5.69	0.404	12.92	14.48	0.175	3.06	3.38	0.328
Alaska	9.18^a	11.53	0.001	8.03	9.18	0.207	20.24^a	25.21	0.006	7.28^a	9.31	0.022
Arizona	5.80^a	6.70	0.031	6.54	7.26	0.276	16.08	17.07	0.495	3.96^b	4.86	0.055
Arkansas	5.48	6.07	0.125	5.71	6.69	0.105	15.46	16.10	0.617	3.82	4.36	0.217
California	6.67^a	7.68	0.001	6.86^b	7.68	0.062	17.27^b	18.67	0.098	4.64^a	5.57	0.010
Colorado	9.24	9.82	0.310	9.10	10.19	0.211	23.44	24.31	0.594	6.88	7.36	0.484
Connecticut	6.49^a	7.24	0.047	7.77	8.37	0.405	19.72^b	22.52	0.067	4.24	4.68	0.280
Delaware	7.10	6.98	0.767	7.21	7.49	0.673	22.03	22.54	0.752	4.61	4.33	0.518
District of Columbia	9.60^b	8.51	0.074	7.18	7.51	0.672	23.60^a	19.51	0.026	6.74	6.15	0.376
Florida	5.58	5.79	0.436	6.53	6.28	0.582	15.61	15.13	0.543	4.00	4.36	0.265
Georgia	5.39^b	6.06	0.074	5.40	5.49	0.876	14.69	15.88	0.340	3.80	4.47	0.107
Hawaii	6.73^a	8.48	0.002	7.07	7.75	0.426	17.19	19.08	0.253	5.03^a	6.87	0.004
Idaho	5.72	5.91	0.603	6.97	7.44	0.470	14.50	14.13	0.761	3.98	4.25	0.518
Illinois	5.43^a	5.89	0.029	6.21^a	7.26	0.016	14.57^a	16.16	0.031	3.68	3.86	0.487
Indiana	6.26	6.11	0.658	7.55	7.23	0.639	16.87	16.47	0.748	4.29	4.21	0.836
Iowa	3.23^a	4.46	0.000	5.02^a	6.84	0.003	8.52^a	11.54	0.002	2.05^a	2.92	0.002
Kansas	5.07	5.03	0.896	6.21	5.95	0.659	13.38	12.94	0.708	3.35	3.43	0.832
Kentucky	5.61^a	4.81	0.013	6.42^a	5.23	0.038	15.87	14.19	0.182	3.90^b	3.29	0.068
Louisiana	5.00	5.16	0.635	5.23	4.81	0.431	13.62	15.20	0.219	3.30	3.27	0.948
Maine	8.16^a	9.88	0.006	9.06	8.45	0.454	23.36^b	26.15	0.087	5.93^a	7.77	0.010
Maryland	5.35	5.41	0.845	6.26	6.86	0.353	16.42	16.28	0.910	3.38	3.39	0.979
Massachusetts	7.10^a	8.70	0.001	8.11	9.05	0.228	21.97^b	24.79	0.078	4.39^a	5.80	0.007
Michigan	7.03	7.51	0.130	7.36	7.85	0.302	19.20	18.90	0.702	4.91	5.53	0.114
Minnesota	7.11^a	5.97	0.005	6.61^b	5.58	0.094	20.87^a	16.98	0.008	4.80	4.14	0.144
Mississippi	4.35	4.49	0.629	4.47	4.99	0.300	11.40	11.57	0.880	3.03	3.11	0.787
Missouri	5.42	5.94	0.138	6.29	5.71	0.328	15.32	16.86	0.227	3.67	4.18	0.199
Montana	8.29	8.12	0.740	8.60	8.80	0.799	22.87	22.11	0.624	5.79	5.70	0.877
Nebraska	4.95	5.36	0.215	6.24	6.05	0.742	13.51	14.58	0.370	3.16	3.53	0.311
Nevada	6.18^b	6.99	0.053	7.52^b	8.97	0.052	16.35	18.31	0.151	4.51	5.06	0.253
New Hampshire	9.02	9.67	0.268	9.42	9.67	0.752	26.46	27.39	0.582	6.32	6.95	0.338
New Jersey	4.84	5.02	0.557	5.70	6.12	0.462	15.95	17.39	0.303	3.04	2.98	0.841
New Mexico	6.15	6.58	0.347	8.19	9.22	0.233	16.35	15.73	0.659	3.99	4.55	0.288
New York	6.94^a	7.74	0.006	7.81	8.49	0.156	21.31^a	23.14	0.037	4.29^b	4.88	0.082
North Carolina	5.99	6.27	0.439	6.85	7.13	0.649	16.50	16.75	0.835	4.20	4.46	0.501
North Dakota	4.99	4.68	0.372	5.29	5.02	0.612	11.52	10.65	0.397	3.48	3.30	0.659
Ohio	5.86	5.95	0.679	7.38	7.60	0.608	16.84	17.27	0.560	3.84	3.88	0.885
Oklahoma	4.78^a	5.61	0.023	5.97	6.25	0.629	11.56^a	14.09	0.047	3.38	3.98	0.136
Oregon	8.59	9.30	0.237	8.22	8.69	0.521	21.90	23.84	0.223	6.58	7.12	0.442
Pennsylvania	4.78^b	5.12	0.095	6.37	6.38	0.988	14.02^b	15.27	0.063	3.07	3.30	0.333
Rhode Island	10.90	9.98	0.122	9.46	9.11	0.706	30.31^b	27.09	0.082	7.48	6.87	0.371
South Carolina	4.98^a	5.92	0.009	5.48	5.51	0.949	13.56^a	16.84	0.012	3.52^b	4.18	0.091
South Dakota	5.22	5.15	0.852	6.05	6.60	0.379	14.30	13.57	0.574	3.45	3.44	0.991
Tennessee	5.81	5.45	0.280	6.17^b	5.22	0.097	16.84	16.66	0.886	4.08	3.75	0.371
Texas	4.43	4.73	0.130	5.73	6.11	0.355	11.73^a	13.40	0.013	2.86	2.90	0.853
Utah	4.28^a	3.56	0.021	5.05	4.73	0.557	9.86^b	8.06	0.081	2.74	2.25	0.117
Vermont	10.17	10.83	0.280	10.86	9.73	0.236	29.64	30.56	0.577	6.92	7.74	0.250
Virginia	5.79	5.31	0.137	6.78	6.33	0.485	16.54	15.55	0.482	3.85	3.44	0.200
Washington	7.39	7.23	0.711	7.17	7.73	0.421	17.32	17.18	0.915	5.83	5.57	0.617
West Virginia	4.79^a	5.51	0.039	6.20	5.73	0.389	14.27^a	17.34	0.014	3.26	3.78	0.168
Wisconsin	6.46	6.21	0.478	7.25	7.19	0.934	18.03	17.42	0.656	4.40	4.20	0.596
Wyoming	5.60	5.41	0.606	7.26	7.51	0.731	15.23	15.36	0.929	3.67	3.38	0.437

101011

Table C.4 *Perceptions of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month,* by Age Group and State: 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 NSDUHs
State	12+ (2007-2008)	12+ (2008-2009)	12+ (p value)	12-17 (2007-2008)	12-17 (2008-2009)	12-17 (p value)	18-25 (2007-2008)	18-25 (2008-2009)	18-25 (p value)	26+ (2007-2008)	26+ (2008-2009)	26+ (p value)
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no change. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ^a Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality (formerly the Office of Applied Studies), National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2007, 2008, and 2009.
Total U.S.	37.87^a	36.06	0.000	34.19^a	32.28	0.000	23.98^a	21.75	0.000	40.74^a	39.01	0.000
Northeast	36.07^a	34.19	0.000	32.34^a	30.32	0.000	21.50^a	19.24	0.000	38.97^a	37.18	0.002
Midwest	36.36^a	34.25	0.000	35.06^a	33.06	0.000	21.93^a	20.03	0.000	39.03^a	36.86	0.000
South	41.59^a	40.03	0.000	36.41^a	34.85	0.001	26.71^a	24.43	0.000	44.77^a	43.33	0.002
West	34.89^a	32.98	0.000	31.36^a	29.09	0.000	23.69^a	21.23	0.000	37.40^a	35.64	0.003
Alabama	44.33^a	41.10	0.009	41.01	39.75	0.468	28.36	28.74	0.806	47.47^a	43.37	0.009
Alaska	30.04^a	27.77	0.039	28.83	27.96	0.650	18.19	17.09	0.424	32.46^b	29.76	0.055
Arizona	38.36^a	34.87	0.005	34.69^a	28.76	0.001	28.04^a	22.74	0.001	40.61^b	37.75	0.068
Arkansas	40.76	39.83	0.462	38.84	36.76	0.201	25.08	22.96	0.123	43.57	42.96	0.704
California	36.33^a	34.56	0.011	30.87^a	28.19	0.003	24.50^a	22.49	0.014	39.36^b	37.76	0.080
Colorado	28.37	26.77	0.153	25.99	25.15	0.570	16.29	14.95	0.233	30.68	28.94	0.216
Connecticut	35.89^a	33.12	0.023	29.82	28.63	0.493	20.33^a	17.81	0.040	39.12^b	36.10	0.051
Delaware	37.05^a	33.60	0.006	33.75^b	30.69	0.076	20.80^b	18.58	0.063	40.17^a	36.46	0.020
District of Columbia	30.99	29.12	0.132	26.95	27.67	0.708	18.32	16.89	0.242	34.19	32.00	0.167
Florida	42.57	42.30	0.727	35.19	34.09	0.290	26.10	24.94	0.164	45.81	45.76	0.955
Georgia	37.74^b	35.51	0.057	32.58	30.51	0.208	24.28^a	20.24	0.006	40.75	38.81	0.192
Hawaii	36.54^b	33.85	0.052	30.40	29.25	0.500	23.24	21.66	0.327	39.35^b	36.31	0.076
Idaho	37.02^a	33.56	0.002	36.82^b	33.84	0.079	24.31^a	21.11	0.014	39.32^a	35.71	0.014
Illinois	38.17^a	36.10	0.004	35.06^a	32.75	0.012	23.50	22.30	0.130	41.22^a	39.04	0.018
Indiana	38.04^a	35.30	0.021	36.12	33.51	0.112	22.93^a	20.33	0.039	40.86^b	38.06	0.061
Iowa	38.18^a	35.30	0.021	40.45^b	37.15	0.054	24.90^a	20.30	0.001	40.26	37.72	0.109
Kansas	38.43	36.84	0.217	38.55^a	34.29	0.011	23.76^a	20.60	0.022	41.18	40.21	0.561
Kentucky	43.03	41.46	0.188	39.99	39.32	0.701	26.26	24.39	0.196	46.04	44.39	0.266
Louisiana	43.57	41.92	0.183	38.55	38.75	0.901	29.38^a	26.14	0.023	47.02	45.39	0.307
Maine	29.94	28.15	0.162	29.21	29.10	0.944	15.18	14.98	0.853	32.09	29.87	0.160
Maryland	36.27	35.09	0.345	33.69	31.85	0.250	21.44	20.60	0.505	39.09	37.96	0.483
Massachusetts	27.56	25.60	0.101	27.86^a	24.38	0.021	15.79^a	13.42	0.028	29.56	27.90	0.270
Michigan	34.18^a	31.58	0.000	32.73	31.48	0.160	19.62^a	17.60	0.003	36.85^a	33.97	0.002
Minnesota	30.63^b	28.49	0.062	32.27^a	28.74	0.022	17.75	17.25	0.672	32.66	30.38	0.121
Mississippi	48.95	47.33	0.218	44.50^b	40.89	0.064	31.34	29.84	0.340	52.84	51.46	0.410
Missouri	36.81	36.12	0.588	36.53	35.06	0.410	22.70	21.67	0.435	39.18	38.63	0.735
Montana	31.98	31.06	0.448	31.63	29.35	0.152	17.70	16.42	0.265	34.44	33.71	0.639
Nebraska	40.53^a	36.94	0.004	40.00	37.89	0.237	23.46^a	19.29	0.002	43.82^a	40.16	0.020
Nevada	36.36	35.03	0.279	31.58	30.73	0.604	24.04	22.87	0.441	38.80	37.38	0.348
New Hampshire	25.82	25.34	0.667	24.08	23.39	0.659	11.82	12.37	0.593	28.17	27.56	0.663
New Jersey	39.32^a	36.24	0.020	35.09^a	29.41	0.001	22.20^a	18.57	0.006	42.45	39.82	0.108
New Mexico	40.02	39.23	0.535	32.17	30.99	0.479	25.34	23.16	0.123	43.79	43.28	0.754
New York	36.01^a	34.04	0.007	30.29^b	28.74	0.100	21.96^a	18.90	0.000	39.22^b	37.41	0.056
North Carolina	38.61^a	34.07	0.000	34.30^a	29.94	0.005	25.22^a	21.64	0.007	41.30^a	36.59	0.003
North Dakota	37.58	35.90	0.159	37.92	36.09	0.254	22.92^b	20.55	0.083	40.87	39.32	0.324
Ohio	36.73^a	34.21	0.001	34.35^b	32.74	0.082	22.01^a	19.57	0.001	39.47^a	36.80	0.006
Oklahoma	42.59^a	37.68	0.001	40.17	37.92	0.220	27.12	24.71	0.114	45.75^a	40.01	0.002
Oregon	28.41	26.83	0.143	27.88	26.52	0.390	17.33^b	15.22	0.063	30.18	28.66	0.255
Pennsylvania	40.93	40.35	0.476	38.43	38.33	0.921	26.32	25.86	0.558	43.63	42.97	0.522
Rhode Island	32.34^a	28.52	0.002	29.60	28.44	0.449	15.80	14.33	0.175	35.74^a	31.20	0.004
South Carolina	40.75	40.30	0.721	36.04	34.06	0.212	26.48^a	23.33	0.026	43.68	43.84	0.921
South Dakota	37.90	37.83	0.958	36.64	35.51	0.502	23.63	22.49	0.372	40.67	40.90	0.878
Tennessee	42.85^a	39.38	0.007	39.65^a	34.89	0.002	25.90^a	20.40	0.000	45.83^b	42.83	0.065
Texas	44.79	44.36	0.559	37.12	37.04	0.939	30.57^a	28.26	0.008	48.63	48.46	0.864
Utah	40.94^a	38.27	0.022	44.22	43.33	0.628	31.87^a	27.33	0.006	42.71	40.16	0.102
Vermont	27.89^a	25.35	0.028	24.17	23.95	0.875	12.84	11.73	0.266	30.78^a	27.73	0.035
Virginia	35.41	34.60	0.502	32.16	30.82	0.399	22.59	21.55	0.427	37.98	37.28	0.643
Washington	27.71	26.33	0.213	28.88	29.05	0.916	19.96^a	16.57	0.004	28.81	27.57	0.370
West Virginia	43.70	43.99	0.830	38.79	38.22	0.742	24.76	24.04	0.645	46.97	47.48	0.762
Wisconsin	34.77	33.77	0.422	34.07	33.75	0.845	20.65	19.79	0.465	37.26	36.13	0.478
Wyoming	37.03	35.63	0.237	38.69	39.60	0.677	21.64	21.59	0.966	39.56	37.62	0.199

101011

Table C.5 *Average Annual Rate of First Use of Marijuana,* by Age Group and State: 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 NSDUHs
State	12+ (2007-2008)	12+ (2008-2009)	12+ (p value)	12-17 (2007-2008)	12-17 (2008-2009)	12-17 (p value)	18-25 (2007-2008)	18-25 (2008-2009)	18-25 (p value)	26+ (2007-2008)	26+ (2008-2009)	26+ (p value)
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no change. NOTE: Average annual marijuana initiation rate = 100 * {[ ÷ (0.5 * + )] ÷ 2}, where is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and is the number of persons who never used marijuana. Both of the computation components, and , are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. Note that the age group is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ^a Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality (formerly the Office of Applied Studies), National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2007, 2008, and 2009.
Total U.S.	1.65^a	1.73	0.013	5.46^a	5.70	0.016	6.47^a	6.98	0.001	0.12	0.12	0.949
Northeast	1.64^a	1.73	0.037	5.59	5.75	0.321	6.84^a	7.55	0.005	0.12	0.12	0.904
Midwest	1.73	1.78	0.185	5.53	5.56	0.830	6.89^a	7.36	0.025	0.12	0.12	0.792
South	1.49	1.55	0.131	5.18	5.20	0.865	5.72^a	6.27	0.003	0.12	0.12	0.908
West	1.84^a	2.00	0.005	5.74^a	6.57	0.000	7.02	7.35	0.250	0.13	0.14	0.867
Alabama	1.26	1.36	0.205	4.50	4.42	0.831	4.60^b	5.46	0.065	0.11	0.12	0.655
Alaska	2.27	2.30	0.843	6.18	6.37	0.719	7.22	7.28	0.927	0.16	0.17	0.732
Arizona	1.65	1.71	0.530	5.48	6.09	0.170	6.69	6.51	0.779	0.12	0.12	0.987
Arkansas	1.51	1.55	0.706	4.92	5.13	0.577	6.53	6.93	0.534	0.13	0.12	0.813
California	1.85^a	2.05	0.016	5.57^a	6.66	0.000	7.12	7.37	0.543	0.13	0.14	0.828
Colorado	2.39	2.45	0.686	7.51	8.14	0.288	9.33	9.17	0.848	0.18	0.17	0.624
Connecticut	1.90^a	2.15	0.035	6.57	7.10	0.305	7.21^a	9.06	0.009	0.13	0.13	0.904
Delaware	1.78^a	2.14	0.003	5.38^a	6.70	0.008	8.54	9.62	0.192	0.13	0.13	0.718
District of Columbia	2.29	2.33	0.795	6.85	7.26	0.452	8.35	8.38	0.965	0.21	0.24	0.495
Florida	1.33	1.39	0.291	5.16	5.35	0.480	5.84	6.20	0.299	0.11	0.11	0.994
Georgia	1.66^a	1.85	0.041	5.23	5.43	0.641	5.91^b	6.85	0.072	0.15	0.17	0.500
Hawaii	1.73	1.70	0.833	6.56	6.39	0.770	7.72	7.54	0.829	0.07	0.11	0.291
Idaho	1.60^a	1.85	0.017	5.25	5.47	0.604	5.34^a	7.09	0.003	0.12	0.12	0.998
Illinois	1.69	1.73	0.546	5.46	5.64	0.530	6.38	6.81	0.282	0.12	0.11	0.774
Indiana	1.74	1.75	0.890	5.79	5.80	0.977	7.37	7.36	0.994	0.11	0.11	0.902
Iowa	1.33^a	1.54	0.022	4.47^a	5.31	0.036	5.04	5.86	0.128	0.09	0.10	0.868
Kansas	1.66	1.72	0.555	5.30	5.66	0.359	6.48	6.78	0.608	0.11	0.10	0.793
Kentucky	1.68^a	1.47	0.015	6.52^a	5.43	0.018	6.22	5.99	0.665	0.14	0.14	0.904
Louisiana	1.46	1.33	0.150	4.49	3.90	0.112	5.42	5.48	0.905	0.12	0.12	0.817
Maine	1.86	1.73	0.205	6.38^a	5.43	0.032	8.51	8.93	0.572	0.14	0.14	0.946
Maryland	1.74	1.73	0.880	5.70	5.40	0.503	7.36	7.85	0.453	0.12	0.11	0.812
Massachusetts	2.15	2.27	0.346	7.16	7.12	0.946	9.04	9.71	0.420	0.15	0.16	0.698
Michigan	1.92^a	2.09	0.034	5.69	5.95	0.314	7.96	8.70	0.102	0.13	0.13	0.985
Minnesota	1.79	1.76	0.747	4.91	4.85	0.879	8.03	7.80	0.740	0.13	0.11	0.548
Mississippi	1.29	1.33	0.577	4.19	4.07	0.708	4.70	5.14	0.317	0.10	0.11	0.611
Missouri	1.62	1.64	0.809	5.30	5.12	0.630	6.42	7.08	0.260	0.12	0.12	0.832
Montana	1.95	2.04	0.426	6.80	6.69	0.827	8.47	9.70	0.137	0.11	0.13	0.658
Nebraska	1.45	1.54	0.354	4.99	4.49	0.167	5.06^a	6.26	0.026	0.10	0.10	0.846
Nevada	1.64^a	1.85	0.040	5.73^a	7.16	0.002	6.16	6.51	0.518	0.16	0.14	0.713
New Hampshire	2.45	2.27	0.177	6.98	6.31	0.130	10.90	10.55	0.705	0.17	0.15	0.472
New Jersey	1.25^a	1.50	0.003	4.17^b	4.90	0.058	5.81^a	7.69	0.004	0.10	0.10	0.919
New Mexico	1.97	2.07	0.433	7.15	7.87	0.219	8.46	7.97	0.514	0.11	0.12	0.804
New York	1.70	1.81	0.134	5.73	6.04	0.254	6.73	7.35	0.133	0.13	0.13	0.777
North Carolina	1.71	1.69	0.836	6.44	6.24	0.639	6.40	6.63	0.669	0.13	0.13	0.956
North Dakota	1.70	1.54	0.118	5.06^a	4.30	0.040	6.65	6.44	0.734	0.09	0.08	0.753
Ohio	1.79	1.78	0.895	5.97	5.59	0.175	7.00	7.43	0.286	0.13	0.13	0.847
Oklahoma	1.41	1.46	0.618	4.82	4.86	0.926	5.40	5.64	0.663	0.10	0.11	0.728
Oregon	2.22	2.42	0.145	7.07	7.90	0.129	9.42	9.57	0.846	0.17	0.19	0.669
Pennsylvania	1.37	1.34	0.621	4.91	4.66	0.320	5.76	5.90	0.709	0.10	0.10	0.932
Rhode Island	2.43	2.29	0.311	7.48	7.24	0.661	10.61	9.22	0.150	0.16	0.16	0.968
South Carolina	1.36	1.46	0.238	4.79	4.77	0.958	5.51	6.35	0.112	0.11	0.12	0.812
South Dakota	1.55	1.59	0.691	4.91	5.16	0.509	6.46	6.66	0.705	0.10	0.09	0.932
Tennessee	1.34	1.25	0.248	4.77^b	4.08	0.051	5.60	5.90	0.559	0.12	0.12	0.859
Texas	1.45^a	1.58	0.046	4.86	5.19	0.233	4.96^a	5.81	0.012	0.11	0.11	0.970
Utah	1.18	1.28	0.301	3.77	3.93	0.637	2.96	3.54	0.148	0.10	0.11	0.922
Vermont	2.36	2.48	0.429	7.53	7.36	0.764	10.40	11.89	0.105	0.14	0.15	0.901
Virginia	1.81	1.89	0.459	5.65	5.96	0.454	6.94	7.55	0.350	0.14	0.13	0.781
Washington	1.79	1.95	0.160	5.35	5.70	0.394	7.15^a	8.56	0.048	0.16	0.16	0.973
West Virginia	1.23	1.27	0.659	5.09	5.30	0.597	5.70	5.67	0.961	0.11	0.12	0.624
Wisconsin	1.82	1.91	0.370	6.06	6.11	0.921	7.54	8.31	0.235	0.12	0.11	0.743
Wyoming	1.88	1.92	0.724	6.48	6.51	0.951	7.26	7.67	0.526	0.11	0.11	0.773

101011

Table C.6 *Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana in Past Month,* by Age Group and State: 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 NSDUHs
State	12+ (2007-2008)	12+ (2008-2009)	12+ (p value)	12-17 (2007-2008)	12-17 (2008-2009)	12-17 (p value)	18-25 (2007-2008)	18-25 (2008-2009)	18-25 (p value)	26+ (2007-2008)	26+ (2008-2009)	26+ (p value)
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no change. NOTE: Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically; these estimates are based on data from original questions, excluding those on the use of over-the-counter drugs or new methamphetamine items that were added in 2005 and 2006. See Section B.4.8 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2008 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ^a Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality (formerly the Office of Applied Studies), National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2007, 2008, and 2009.
Total U.S.	3.58	3.53	0.546	4.53	4.46	0.621	7.96	8.09	0.461	2.71	2.63	0.447
Northeast	3.32	3.45	0.283	4.01	4.06	0.814	7.86^a	8.84	0.002	2.47	2.47	0.988
Midwest	3.37	3.27	0.323	4.45	4.39	0.747	7.79	7.80	0.953	2.47	2.35	0.336
South	3.54	3.43	0.291	4.51	4.33	0.324	7.78	7.72	0.791	2.70	2.59	0.399
West	4.06	4.00	0.697	5.01	5.03	0.944	8.47	8.32	0.679	3.14	3.08	0.763
Alabama	3.81	3.84	0.925	4.77	4.89	0.848	8.47	9.38	0.289	2.90	2.77	0.729
Alaska	3.93	3.82	0.737	4.85	4.13	0.223	8.29	8.20	0.924	2.96	2.95	0.978
Arizona	4.45	4.16	0.478	5.59	4.99	0.314	9.37	8.61	0.445	3.46	3.29	0.747
Arkansas	4.28^b	3.73	0.063	4.69	4.63	0.922	10.06^b	8.37	0.062	3.29	2.86	0.276
California	3.94	4.02	0.720	4.81	5.24	0.280	8.01	7.91	0.861	3.05	3.10	0.841
Colorado	4.57^a	3.61	0.014	5.38^b	4.27	0.070	10.96	9.85	0.234	3.40^b	2.50	0.054
Connecticut	3.26	3.42	0.476	4.31	4.43	0.819	7.60	8.60	0.219	2.44	2.48	0.903
Delaware	4.20	3.99	0.515	4.50	4.67	0.784	9.46	9.20	0.757	3.29	3.04	0.554
District of Columbia	4.53	4.04	0.174	4.25	4.45	0.744	6.99	6.55	0.592	4.02	3.43	0.215
Florida	3.50	3.39	0.630	4.45	4.48	0.935	7.58	6.80	0.119	2.79	2.77	0.922
Georgia	3.07	3.15	0.770	3.91	3.98	0.901	7.14	7.88	0.363	2.26	2.23	0.908
Hawaii	4.18^b	5.06	0.082	4.85	4.97	0.873	7.82	8.57	0.458	3.53	4.51	0.125
Idaho	3.53	3.80	0.371	4.87	4.82	0.937	7.40	7.60	0.808	2.65	2.98	0.367
Illinois	2.95^b	3.23	0.095	3.72	4.23	0.156	6.36	6.72	0.475	2.23	2.47	0.252
Indiana	4.20	3.98	0.491	5.55	5.38	0.801	9.11	8.53	0.476	3.18	3.03	0.697
Iowa	1.81	2.01	0.286	3.14	3.79	0.268	4.73	5.09	0.594	1.12	1.24	0.534
Kansas	3.55	3.31	0.303	4.83	4.38	0.426	7.52	7.29	0.779	2.63	2.42	0.476
Kentucky	4.39	3.93	0.150	4.95	4.68	0.678	10.41	8.95	0.114	3.38	3.05	0.413
Louisiana	3.93	3.78	0.644	4.95	4.06	0.104	7.72^b	9.21	0.079	3.05	2.69	0.392
Maine	2.98^b	3.41	0.077	4.29	4.46	0.742	8.33	9.78	0.130	2.08	2.41	0.259
Maryland	3.23^a	2.67	0.029	4.00	3.80	0.707	6.87	5.96	0.207	2.52^b	1.97	0.089
Massachusetts	3.38^a	4.09	0.011	3.91	4.26	0.530	7.67^a	9.88	0.020	2.57	3.04	0.144
Michigan	3.56	3.80	0.222	4.82	4.71	0.760	8.76	9.08	0.545	2.51	2.78	0.266
Minnesota	3.08	2.83	0.274	4.26	3.70	0.261	7.62	7.58	0.965	2.14	1.91	0.400
Mississippi	3.08	3.14	0.815	3.90	4.84	0.136	6.93	7.08	0.856	2.25	2.17	0.815
Missouri	3.87^a	3.12	0.005	4.73	4.06	0.252	9.27	8.24	0.224	2.86^a	2.16	0.034
Montana	3.89	3.45	0.103	4.88	4.58	0.603	9.27	8.72	0.519	2.86	2.44	0.226
Nebraska	2.91	2.80	0.655	4.22	4.32	0.861	6.81	6.34	0.514	1.99	1.93	0.825
Nevada	4.45	4.82	0.415	5.70	5.56	0.820	9.29	10.55	0.185	3.57	3.88	0.595
New Hampshire	3.57^a	4.20	0.031	4.42	4.56	0.801	9.36^a	11.49	0.040	2.58	3.04	0.181
New Jersey	2.73	2.78	0.842	3.61	3.61	0.995	7.07	7.71	0.410	1.96	1.92	0.880
New Mexico	3.56	3.79	0.449	5.41	5.37	0.958	7.49	7.71	0.781	2.58	2.86	0.476
New York	3.54	3.65	0.621	3.89	3.90	0.975	7.86^a	9.30	0.011	2.73	2.60	0.644
North Carolina	3.51	3.64	0.625	4.48	4.33	0.785	8.19	8.66	0.551	2.63	2.75	0.734
North Dakota	2.28	2.12	0.410	3.70	3.67	0.955	5.40	4.98	0.487	1.39	1.28	0.666
Ohio	3.30	3.24	0.715	4.35	4.32	0.922	7.87	8.46	0.233	2.41	2.24	0.410
Oklahoma	4.85	4.95	0.822	5.71	5.04	0.331	10.61	10.81	0.847	3.68	3.87	0.731
Oregon	5.51	4.89	0.151	6.19	5.39	0.252	11.39	10.42	0.352	4.52	3.97	0.313
Pennsylvania	3.11	3.02	0.607	4.23	4.17	0.872	7.75	7.50	0.598	2.21	2.14	0.753
Rhode Island	5.87	5.53	0.479	5.30	5.70	0.567	12.47	11.62	0.502	4.71	4.37	0.562
South Carolina	3.09^a	4.06	0.012	4.28	4.79	0.394	7.13	6.32	0.293	2.28^a	3.60	0.006
South Dakota	2.33	2.24	0.666	3.62	3.90	0.638	6.23	5.23	0.124	1.44	1.48	0.867
Tennessee	4.27^a	3.56	0.027	4.74	4.33	0.436	9.13	7.87	0.137	3.47^b	2.80	0.098
Texas	3.30	3.19	0.546	4.67	4.17	0.210	6.91	7.44	0.248	2.41	2.25	0.462
Utah	3.12^a	3.75	0.014	4.58	4.47	0.832	6.86^a	8.54	0.034	1.91^b	2.43	0.099
Vermont	4.00	3.93	0.841	4.81	4.14	0.196	11.01	12.04	0.315	2.76	2.58	0.674
Virginia	3.13^a	2.67	0.043	4.27	4.01	0.616	7.25	6.46	0.284	2.29	1.86	0.128
Washington	3.74	3.40	0.267	4.68	4.39	0.609	8.21	7.73	0.585	2.91	2.58	0.392
West Virginia	3.78^a	4.44	0.048	4.63	4.89	0.680	9.55^b	11.27	0.059	2.85	3.40	0.176
Wisconsin	4.15^a	3.38	0.005	5.07	4.67	0.495	9.25	8.85	0.653	3.16^a	2.30	0.013
Wyoming	2.96	2.78	0.462	4.63	4.46	0.782	7.39	6.86	0.509	1.96	1.85	0.696

101011

Table C.7 *Cocaine Use in Past Year,* by Age Group and State: 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 NSDUHs
State	12+ (2007-2008)	12+ (2008-2009)	12+ (p value)	12-17 (2007-2008)	12-17 (2008-2009)	12-17 (p value)	18-25 (2007-2008)	18-25 (2008-2009)	18-25 (p value)	26+ (2007-2008)	26+ (2008-2009)	26+ (p value)
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no change. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ^a Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality (formerly the Office of Applied Studies), National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2007, 2008, and 2009.
Total U.S.	2.21^a	2.00	0.006	1.37^a	1.10	0.000	5.95^a	5.40	0.000	1.68	1.53	0.163
Northeast	2.28	2.33	0.659	1.30^a	1.09	0.013	6.19	6.45	0.285	1.75	1.78	0.810
Midwest	2.07^a	1.82	0.002	1.27^a	1.05	0.006	5.84^a	5.10	0.000	1.52	1.36	0.119
South	2.09^a	1.82	0.001	1.28^a	0.98	0.000	5.34^a	4.60	0.000	1.65^b	1.46	0.080
West	2.47^a	2.21	0.026	1.66^a	1.34	0.008	6.75^a	6.07	0.006	1.81	1.62	0.231
Alabama	1.55	1.40	0.347	1.02^a	0.76	0.015	3.93	3.40	0.114	1.21	1.14	0.710
Alaska	3.07	3.00	0.847	1.72	1.46	0.220	7.88	7.41	0.536	2.38	2.40	0.970
Arizona	3.10^a	2.30	0.005	2.09^a	1.38	0.001	8.04^b	6.90	0.086	2.41^a	1.64	0.017
Arkansas	2.06^a	1.44	0.003	1.23^a	0.88	0.008	5.45^a	3.46	0.000	1.61^b	1.19	0.062
California	2.27	2.12	0.347	1.59	1.39	0.260	6.12	5.57	0.124	1.64	1.57	0.688
Colorado	3.66	3.23	0.245	2.10^a	1.35	0.001	10.44^b	8.92	0.075	2.72	2.51	0.629
Connecticut	2.28	2.07	0.338	1.62^a	1.25	0.019	6.46	6.19	0.606	1.71	1.52	0.462
Delaware	2.63	2.37	0.338	1.12	0.91	0.105	6.62	6.40	0.687	2.15	1.87	0.377
District of Columbia	4.20	3.77	0.407	0.62	0.44	0.106	5.47	5.07	0.470	4.26	3.78	0.483
Florida	2.00	1.80	0.188	1.46^a	1.04	0.001	5.56^a	4.65	0.008	1.54	1.46	0.669
Georgia	2.06^a	1.53	0.005	1.09^a	0.81	0.008	4.79^a	3.92	0.032	1.74^a	1.22	0.019
Hawaii	2.11	1.75	0.144	1.52	1.24	0.170	5.49^a	4.33	0.046	1.64	1.39	0.387
Idaho	1.50	1.30	0.142	1.42	1.24	0.250	5.26^b	4.48	0.078	0.84	0.75	0.500
Illinois	2.07	1.92	0.293	1.16	0.99	0.106	5.11^b	4.61	0.096	1.65	1.56	0.600
Indiana	2.18^a	1.66	0.009	1.30	1.09	0.165	6.39^a	4.95	0.005	1.59^b	1.18	0.053
Iowa	1.20	1.12	0.557	1.13	1.12	0.988	4.13	3.61	0.200	0.68	0.68	0.976
Kansas	1.73	1.52	0.195	1.42^a	1.10	0.042	5.75	4.97	0.115	1.02	0.93	0.581
Kentucky	1.84^a	1.41	0.007	1.29^b	1.03	0.067	5.97^a	4.38	0.001	1.25	0.98	0.114
Louisiana	2.59	2.34	0.310	0.94	0.85	0.429	5.07	4.72	0.401	2.33	2.08	0.395
Maine	2.43	2.29	0.580	1.33	1.12	0.194	7.84	7.68	0.811	1.80	1.67	0.644
Maryland	2.04^a	1.52	0.012	1.04	0.87	0.159	4.69^a	3.79	0.035	1.73^a	1.22	0.031
Massachusetts	2.17	2.44	0.290	1.35	1.17	0.283	6.36	7.14	0.214	1.54	1.75	0.454
Michigan	2.15	2.00	0.287	1.13	1.05	0.432	6.25	5.72	0.108	1.59	1.50	0.563
Minnesota	2.34^a	1.78	0.004	1.58^a	1.11	0.001	6.38^a	5.12	0.011	1.73^a	1.29	0.042
Mississippi	1.27	1.38	0.508	0.66	0.63	0.816	3.12	3.12	0.988	1.02	1.16	0.441
Missouri	2.00	2.01	0.932	1.31^a	1.01	0.030	5.93	5.74	0.716	1.43	1.53	0.667
Montana	2.25	2.31	0.779	1.27	1.17	0.462	7.66	7.63	0.962	1.46	1.56	0.641
Nebraska	1.45	1.57	0.435	1.20	1.09	0.408	4.51	4.56	0.924	0.91	1.07	0.294
Nevada	2.50	2.33	0.492	2.10^a	1.50	0.006	7.00	6.76	0.680	1.88	1.78	0.702
New Hampshire	2.21^a	2.74	0.043	1.49	1.23	0.158	7.23^a	8.98	0.020	1.54	1.97	0.121
New Jersey	1.74	1.76	0.883	1.19	1.03	0.197	5.06	4.92	0.737	1.30	1.36	0.730
New Mexico	2.02	2.16	0.533	1.66^b	1.30	0.094	6.41	6.55	0.811	1.26	1.46	0.413
New York	2.60	2.66	0.751	1.25	1.09	0.241	6.46^a	7.31	0.049	2.08	2.01	0.770
North Carolina	2.54^b	2.09	0.064	1.05	0.90	0.254	6.07^a	4.83	0.015	2.16	1.79	0.181
North Dakota	1.45	1.22	0.132	1.07	1.05	0.880	4.18	3.72	0.279	0.88	0.69	0.202
Ohio	1.90^a	1.50	0.004	1.22	1.03	0.136	5.83^a	4.53	0.000	1.34^b	1.06	0.086
Oklahoma	1.55	1.51	0.814	1.37	1.14	0.116	4.74	4.70	0.934	0.98	0.98	0.968
Oregon	3.24^a	2.63	0.020	1.61^a	1.23	0.026	8.84	7.99	0.181	2.56^a	1.96	0.045
Pennsylvania	2.03	2.03	0.980	1.28^a	1.01	0.022	5.47^b	4.84	0.057	1.56	1.69	0.513
Rhode Island	4.14	3.87	0.534	1.65^b	1.26	0.056	10.12	9.30	0.355	3.34	3.16	0.735
South Carolina	2.33	2.77	0.111	1.05^b	0.82	0.056	5.72^b	4.89	0.081	1.94^a	2.66	0.022
South Dakota	1.30	1.19	0.425	1.06	0.95	0.457	4.49	3.91	0.182	0.75	0.73	0.880
Tennessee	2.43^a	1.58	0.000	1.15^b	0.92	0.070	6.76^a	4.27	0.000	1.93^a	1.25	0.002
Texas	2.00	1.90	0.492	1.63^a	1.15	0.001	5.08	5.10	0.967	1.47	1.40	0.713
Utah	1.79^b	1.44	0.057	1.34	1.16	0.301	5.17^b	4.15	0.057	1.01	0.82	0.302
Vermont	2.99	2.99	0.997	1.32	1.22	0.579	10.50	10.17	0.675	1.97	2.02	0.856
Virginia	2.17^a	1.76	0.048	1.31^a	1.04	0.046	5.95^a	4.95	0.038	1.64	1.31	0.143
Washington	2.30	2.11	0.394	1.51^b	1.20	0.054	6.72	6.20	0.378	1.69	1.56	0.601
West Virginia	2.51	2.55	0.889	1.34^b	1.05	0.085	7.85	7.70	0.816	1.87	1.97	0.726
Wisconsin	2.94	2.71	0.402	1.57^a	1.17	0.019	7.52	7.22	0.625	2.34	2.14	0.522
Wyoming	1.77	1.46	0.102	1.41^b	1.11	0.074	6.23^a	5.24	0.048	1.03	0.83	0.405

101011

Table C.8 *Nonmedical Use of Pain Relievers in Past Year,* by Age Group and State: 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 NSDUHs
State	12+ (2007-2008)	12+ (2008-2009)	12+ (p value)	12-17 (2007-2008)	12-17 (2008-2009)	12-17 (p value)	18-25 (2007-2008)	18-25 (2008-2009)	18-25 (p value)	26+ (2007-2008)	26+ (2008-2009)	26+ (p value)
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no change. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ^a Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality (formerly the Office of Applied Studies), National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2007, 2008, and 2009.
Total U.S.	4.89	4.84	0.581	6.56	6.51	0.763	12.05	11.94	0.591	3.44	3.40	0.716
Northeast	4.13^b	4.38	0.051	5.29	5.30	0.965	11.07^a	12.00	0.013	2.83	2.98	0.320
Midwest	4.93	4.85	0.473	6.81	6.74	0.758	12.20	12.21	0.980	3.42	3.33	0.525
South	4.88	4.79	0.419	6.71	6.50	0.320	11.89	11.87	0.936	3.46	3.37	0.523
West	5.48	5.29	0.291	7.03	7.21	0.567	12.87^a	11.74	0.007	3.93	3.87	0.747
Alabama	5.36	5.12	0.445	7.26	7.55	0.691	13.28	13.02	0.804	3.77	3.47	0.409
Alaska	5.21	5.24	0.939	7.35	7.18	0.813	11.12	11.57	0.668	3.77	3.76	0.987
Arizona	6.10	6.00	0.835	8.43	7.47	0.212	13.84	13.82	0.987	4.47	4.48	0.982
Arkansas	6.32^a	5.09	0.002	7.94	7.63	0.668	15.93^a	12.29	0.001	4.55^a	3.59	0.046
California	5.16^b	4.76	0.098	6.35	6.76	0.351	12.07^a	10.19	0.002	3.68	3.44	0.415
Colorado	5.58	5.68	0.808	7.13	7.35	0.759	14.41	13.73	0.546	3.92	4.13	0.642
Connecticut	3.83	3.79	0.889	5.02	4.96	0.915	10.45	10.50	0.959	2.64	2.59	0.872
Delaware	5.11	5.56	0.267	6.36	6.38	0.973	13.04	13.49	0.677	3.63	4.13	0.310
District of Columbia	3.83	3.69	0.662	4.06	4.35	0.607	8.09	7.78	0.696	2.86	2.71	0.686
Florida	4.10	4.14	0.859	6.45	5.94	0.255	10.93	10.35	0.297	2.84	3.03	0.480
Georgia	5.17^b	4.62	0.092	6.28	6.24	0.949	12.34	11.85	0.621	3.80	3.17	0.120
Hawaii	4.50	5.06	0.220	5.96	5.96	0.997	10.09	11.33	0.240	3.45	3.96	0.357
Idaho	5.63	5.79	0.652	7.75	7.91	0.827	12.64	12.80	0.887	4.07	4.25	0.671
Illinois	3.88	4.12	0.214	5.51	5.68	0.698	9.19	9.66	0.398	2.71	2.91	0.375
Indiana	6.04	5.72	0.415	7.66	8.15	0.501	14.16	13.92	0.829	4.44	4.02	0.374
Iowa	3.32	3.62	0.261	5.75	5.75	0.995	8.26	9.18	0.255	2.13	2.37	0.409
Kansas	4.64	5.02	0.236	7.25	7.57	0.664	10.30	11.55	0.194	3.22	3.46	0.523
Kentucky	6.58	5.97	0.148	7.82	7.66	0.838	16.01	15.44	0.633	4.95	4.29	0.190
Louisiana	5.67	5.31	0.356	6.81	6.21	0.383	12.92	13.74	0.441	4.10	3.57	0.257
Maine	4.40	4.70	0.364	6.56	6.25	0.631	12.44	13.57	0.348	3.03	3.30	0.465
Maryland	3.95	3.75	0.471	5.17	5.18	0.995	9.74	9.40	0.699	2.83	2.62	0.517
Massachusetts	4.98	5.31	0.320	5.48	5.47	0.981	13.21	14.14	0.403	3.50	3.72	0.547
Michigan	5.42	5.69	0.276	7.54	7.44	0.825	13.00	13.87	0.188	3.85	4.07	0.459
Minnesota	4.91	4.40	0.102	6.48	6.08	0.528	12.65	11.63	0.308	3.36	2.96	0.278
Mississippi	4.28	4.71	0.169	5.73^a	7.70	0.014	10.36	11.01	0.508	2.94	3.13	0.613
Missouri	4.49	4.40	0.771	6.71	6.11	0.343	11.72	12.30	0.580	3.00	2.89	0.739
Montana	5.52	5.30	0.554	7.65	7.18	0.497	14.87	14.14	0.501	3.67	3.60	0.879
Nebraska	3.31	3.55	0.347	5.24	5.64	0.510	8.58	9.27	0.435	2.06	2.19	0.642
Nevada	6.32	5.87	0.306	8.81	8.34	0.553	15.32	14.30	0.406	4.67	4.30	0.489
New Hampshire	5.28^b	5.91	0.100	7.04	7.00	0.954	15.00	16.78	0.169	3.58	4.11	0.230
New Jersey	3.53	3.76	0.389	4.64	4.57	0.900	9.84^b	11.55	0.088	2.43	2.46	0.917
New Mexico	5.45	5.66	0.631	8.46	8.47	0.990	10.95	11.55	0.546	4.02	4.20	0.744
New York	4.02^b	4.37	0.082	4.99	5.22	0.567	10.45^a	12.05	0.011	2.75	2.89	0.569
North Carolina	4.66	5.00	0.264	7.02	7.10	0.907	11.84	12.41	0.548	3.20	3.55	0.361
North Dakota	3.98	3.92	0.843	6.54	6.21	0.644	9.24	9.35	0.895	2.45	2.42	0.920
Ohio	5.52	5.47	0.845	7.32	7.35	0.960	15.11	14.62	0.470	3.70	3.73	0.910
Oklahoma	6.93^b	8.13	0.053	8.67	9.36	0.453	16.84	18.14	0.385	4.88^b	6.15	0.086
Oregon	6.58	6.81	0.637	8.23	8.80	0.467	17.88^b	15.56	0.085	4.65	5.22	0.302
Pennsylvania	4.02	4.12	0.631	5.76	5.57	0.634	10.74	10.33	0.486	2.70	2.93	0.389
Rhode Island	6.28	6.13	0.743	6.28	6.55	0.702	16.63	16.05	0.671	4.36	4.22	0.790
South Carolina	4.34	4.74	0.244	6.54	6.96	0.521	11.22	11.17	0.963	2.94	3.41	0.236
South Dakota	3.36^b	3.80	0.096	5.58	5.82	0.708	8.50	9.73	0.150	2.12	2.47	0.251
Tennessee	6.52^a	4.88	0.000	7.73	6.61	0.111	15.35^a	12.71	0.018	5.02^a	3.48	0.001
Texas	4.43	4.56	0.535	6.49	5.80	0.128	10.15^b	11.22	0.080	3.03	3.12	0.727
Utah	4.94	5.34	0.225	6.91	6.83	0.901	10.26^b	12.01	0.082	3.23	3.41	0.639
Vermont	4.67	4.62	0.864	6.38	5.75	0.301	13.27	13.58	0.781	3.07	3.02	0.906
Virginia	4.85	4.63	0.507	6.78	6.91	0.846	11.55	11.15	0.698	3.47	3.24	0.539
Washington	6.13	6.09	0.915	7.72	8.10	0.617	14.77	14.44	0.775	4.55	4.50	0.919
West Virginia	4.98^a	5.91	0.017	7.06	7.54	0.506	13.60^b	15.49	0.099	3.50^b	4.36	0.061
Wisconsin	6.26^a	4.84	0.000	7.90	7.02	0.255	15.43^a	12.95	0.027	4.50^a	3.21	0.004
Wyoming	4.26	3.89	0.219	7.70	6.71	0.198	11.00	9.87	0.211	2.62	2.48	0.676

101011

Table C.9 *Alcohol Use in Past Month,* by Age Group and State: 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 NSDUHs
State	12+ (2007-2008)	12+ (2008-2009)	12+ (p value)	12-17 (2007-2008)	12-17 (2008-2009)	12-17 (p value)	18-25 (2007-2008)	18-25 (2008-2009)	18-25 (p value)	26+ (2007-2008)	26+ (2008-2009)	26+ (p value)
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no change. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ^a Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality (formerly the Office of Applied Studies), National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2007, 2008, and 2009.
Total U.S.	51.39	51.75	0.330	15.27^a	14.66	0.008	61.19	61.51	0.594	54.44	54.83	0.361
Northeast	56.12	56.66	0.299	16.75	16.23	0.213	66.63	67.82	0.108	59.25	59.68	0.498
Midwest	54.23	54.21	0.960	16.14^a	15.18	0.003	65.75	65.09	0.321	57.27	57.37	0.860
South	47.38	47.77	0.367	14.18	13.69	0.126	57.39	57.55	0.815	50.02	50.48	0.376
West	51.20	51.78	0.292	15.03	14.52	0.230	58.53	59.36	0.283	54.85	55.41	0.413
Alabama	40.35^a	42.96	0.027	13.01	12.72	0.767	52.32	54.51	0.227	41.88^a	44.84	0.043
Alaska	54.73	54.44	0.807	14.26	14.23	0.978	61.68	60.34	0.476	59.72	59.28	0.771
Arizona	52.78	51.26	0.214	16.01	14.72	0.236	60.40	59.45	0.597	56.47	54.73	0.261
Arkansas	43.10	43.29	0.877	14.74	15.44	0.494	53.83	55.93	0.260	45.02	44.78	0.880
California	49.72	50.65	0.243	14.81	14.05	0.243	57.78^b	59.71	0.076	53.19	54.02	0.417
Colorado	62.13	62.15	0.987	18.96	20.27	0.319	71.26	69.55	0.325	65.97	66.01	0.978
Connecticut	60.94	59.32	0.192	18.31	18.63	0.799	69.40	67.78	0.326	65.10	63.07	0.190
Delaware	55.25	56.32	0.414	15.41	16.29	0.424	67.25	68.56	0.418	58.27	59.19	0.579
District of Columbia	60.53	61.57	0.375	15.42	15.41	0.994	72.43	71.72	0.681	62.29	63.60	0.378
Florida	52.64	51.44	0.155	16.13	15.29	0.245	58.33	56.80	0.149	55.93	54.64	0.210
Georgia	47.96	48.99	0.404	13.00	13.52	0.597	54.33^a	58.20	0.035	51.79	52.32	0.735
Hawaii	48.25	48.23	0.985	12.66	11.61	0.327	58.51	57.10	0.483	50.76	50.96	0.911
Idaho	42.42^a	45.66	0.013	12.18	13.01	0.401	51.23	52.41	0.521	45.23^a	49.11	0.017
Illinois	54.68	54.27	0.581	15.87	15.05	0.219	64.70	64.87	0.875	58.11	57.53	0.538
Indiana	49.29	47.97	0.275	15.67	14.48	0.237	58.22	57.96	0.879	52.28	50.69	0.295
Iowa	54.03^a	56.65	0.037	15.33^b	17.29	0.080	66.39^b	69.21	0.098	56.78	59.35	0.106
Kansas	51.17^a	53.93	0.031	15.44	15.91	0.669	65.97	66.39	0.813	53.25^a	56.66	0.035
Kentucky	40.29	38.72	0.203	13.77	12.24	0.150	53.42	50.58	0.125	41.52	40.08	0.346
Louisiana	47.83	48.35	0.667	15.40	15.29	0.915	60.20	61.65	0.403	49.93	50.30	0.810
Maine	52.47^b	55.12	0.060	16.26^b	14.38	0.078	63.83	65.64	0.287	55.02^b	58.12	0.072
Maryland	55.10	54.00	0.411	14.39	13.29	0.297	65.59^a	60.82	0.006	58.68	58.03	0.698
Massachusetts	61.06	61.59	0.671	18.11	16.69	0.232	71.00	72.45	0.362	64.49	64.92	0.786
Michigan	54.62	54.64	0.986	15.64^b	14.56	0.089	66.32^a	63.64	0.009	57.93	58.38	0.639
Minnesota	62.70	61.02	0.163	16.99^a	14.56	0.036	73.34^a	68.33	0.005	66.76	65.58	0.431
Mississippi	38.04^b	40.35	0.052	11.85	12.74	0.360	48.56^a	52.89	0.013	39.88	41.92	0.176
Missouri	50.32	49.97	0.787	14.90	13.76	0.274	62.25	60.99	0.437	52.93	52.75	0.910
Montana	57.92	58.96	0.433	18.74^a	21.46	0.032	67.80	68.93	0.502	61.16	61.81	0.692
Nebraska	55.79	53.68	0.109	16.26^a	13.79	0.023	66.78	65.31	0.413	58.98	56.73	0.175
Nevada	51.88^b	54.45	0.064	14.33	15.15	0.424	58.64	60.35	0.344	55.76^b	58.62	0.099
New Hampshire	63.10	63.95	0.459	18.32	17.62	0.539	74.72	75.12	0.781	66.96	67.88	0.528
New Jersey	53.98	54.27	0.826	15.09	15.12	0.974	63.49	64.93	0.383	57.45	57.49	0.980
New Mexico	45.87	47.62	0.176	15.27	15.64	0.733	58.27	57.06	0.480	47.76	50.09	0.155
New York	55.28	55.71	0.611	17.43	16.78	0.379	65.58	66.34	0.471	58.18	58.55	0.726
North Carolina	45.39	47.46	0.107	14.11	12.75	0.142	57.49	58.46	0.569	47.40	49.99	0.110
North Dakota	59.42	57.77	0.238	20.21	18.91	0.303	75.63^a	71.74	0.018	60.75	59.45	0.472
Ohio	51.23	51.60	0.646	16.25^a	14.91	0.043	64.48	65.39	0.371	53.61	54.01	0.690
Oklahoma	41.90^a	45.66	0.004	13.13	13.86	0.490	56.89	59.09	0.250	42.97^a	47.36	0.007
Oregon	59.03	59.83	0.525	16.57	17.74	0.282	65.17	66.78	0.348	63.13	63.65	0.735
Pennsylvania	53.91^b	55.40	0.062	15.10	14.98	0.857	65.60^a	68.45	0.005	56.78	58.10	0.179
Rhode Island	61.54	59.98	0.223	20.73^a	18.19	0.050	74.59^a	71.13	0.043	64.13	62.89	0.440
South Carolina	46.72	45.96	0.562	13.36	12.38	0.306	53.47	53.45	0.995	49.88	48.90	0.549
South Dakota	57.24	57.85	0.608	17.28	15.62	0.126	71.42	70.76	0.681	59.97	60.99	0.502
Tennessee	40.37	41.08	0.597	12.33	11.32	0.275	53.77	53.36	0.826	41.77	42.82	0.531
Texas	47.05^b	48.49	0.062	14.14	14.10	0.954	57.48	58.42	0.400	49.94^b	51.62	0.087
Utah	27.82	28.08	0.844	7.57	6.87	0.443	30.37	31.96	0.460	30.62	30.67	0.977
Vermont	60.69	60.18	0.710	20.31^b	18.28	0.094	73.95	73.67	0.861	63.32	62.74	0.734
Virginia	53.55^a	50.77	0.027	14.77^b	12.93	0.068	64.38^a	60.21	0.017	56.61^b	53.81	0.075
Washington	56.56	56.04	0.666	15.80^b	13.94	0.087	62.96	60.77	0.177	60.66	60.44	0.883
West Virginia	38.23	38.14	0.947	13.92	13.20	0.488	52.96	53.52	0.761	38.78	38.61	0.920
Wisconsin	60.45	61.74	0.275	18.71	18.60	0.928	71.34	71.80	0.765	63.91	65.37	0.331
Wyoming	53.21	54.11	0.501	17.86	17.22	0.600	64.44	62.29	0.200	55.76	57.27	0.372

101011

Table C.10 *Binge Alcohol Use in Past Month,* by Age Group and State: 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 NSDUHs
State	12+ (2007-2008)	12+ (2008-2009)	12+ (p value)	12-17 (2007-2008)	12-17 (2008-2009)	12-17 (p value)	18-25 (2007-2008)	18-25 (2008-2009)	18-25 (p value)	26+ (2007-2008)	26+ (2008-2009)	26+ (p value)
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no change. NOTE: Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ^a Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality (formerly the Office of Applied Studies), National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2007, 2008, and 2009.
Total U.S.	23.28	23.46	0.392	9.25^a	8.82	0.021	41.40	41.35	0.890	22.01	22.25	0.373
Northeast	24.02	24.48	0.210	10.14	9.82	0.370	44.46	44.98	0.363	22.33	22.79	0.321
Midwest	25.92	25.91	0.961	10.09^a	9.43	0.014	46.59	45.94	0.157	24.44	24.58	0.736
South	22.05	22.07	0.949	8.57^a	7.96	0.014	38.07	37.81	0.562	21.11	21.22	0.771
West	22.11	22.49	0.283	8.84	8.81	0.928	39.24	39.69	0.443	20.84	21.21	0.429
Alabama	19.15	20.48	0.140	7.97	7.41	0.431	33.94	35.43	0.334	18.10	19.61	0.177
Alaska	24.18	24.17	0.991	8.56	9.71	0.180	41.96	40.08	0.263	23.27	23.32	0.968
Arizona	23.20	23.15	0.959	9.32	8.79	0.535	40.10	41.16	0.518	22.22	22.01	0.866
Arkansas	21.63	20.53	0.206	8.83	8.99	0.830	39.08	38.23	0.609	20.44	19.12	0.218
California	21.60	22.15	0.325	8.72	8.54	0.751	38.04	38.95	0.316	20.33	20.83	0.493
Colorado	26.74	26.26	0.615	10.73	10.91	0.841	49.79	47.52	0.159	24.88	24.58	0.800
Connecticut	26.05	27.03	0.375	13.49	13.31	0.878	47.07	46.83	0.887	24.36	25.62	0.362
Delaware	24.51	26.23	0.120	9.46	9.38	0.938	47.12	48.25	0.497	22.64	24.63	0.152
District of Columbia	29.92	29.69	0.846	7.76	7.23	0.612	49.06	46.44	0.139	27.83	28.02	0.890
Florida	22.87	21.91	0.115	9.59^a	8.18	0.010	38.32	37.38	0.299	22.10	21.14	0.199
Georgia	21.70	21.44	0.767	7.17	6.97	0.783	35.29	36.39	0.493	21.43	20.89	0.631
Hawaii	22.95	22.78	0.868	7.08	7.13	0.958	40.75	38.99	0.360	21.98	21.96	0.987
Idaho	18.81^b	20.16	0.100	8.00	8.56	0.476	35.90	35.66	0.879	17.33^b	19.09	0.096
Illinois	26.71	26.43	0.657	10.17	9.71	0.372	45.97	46.28	0.757	25.48	25.04	0.587
Indiana	23.03	22.97	0.939	9.87	9.35	0.511	40.29	40.83	0.741	21.87	21.75	0.912
Iowa	27.18	28.55	0.171	10.48	11.10	0.472	48.63	50.15	0.371	25.49	26.92	0.262
Kansas	24.89	25.12	0.804	9.34	9.46	0.882	47.87	45.63	0.184	22.67	23.37	0.555
Kentucky	19.85	20.29	0.612	8.88	8.08	0.286	36.66	37.68	0.516	18.57	19.05	0.652
Louisiana	23.79	23.59	0.837	8.66	8.12	0.462	39.07	38.40	0.662	22.92	22.86	0.956
Maine	21.65	22.07	0.670	9.55^a	7.82	0.039	43.09	45.32	0.207	20.04	20.41	0.759
Maryland	22.14	20.92	0.182	8.99	8.15	0.292	40.57^a	36.65	0.020	20.79	19.89	0.419
Massachusetts	25.71	24.89	0.390	10.71	10.28	0.628	48.87	46.88	0.241	23.49	22.70	0.493
Michigan	24.40	25.33	0.151	8.92	8.50	0.390	44.19	43.10	0.256	23.15^b	24.52	0.092
Minnesota	30.05^a	26.93	0.005	10.49^a	8.00	0.005	54.00^a	47.21	0.000	28.43^b	25.84	0.056
Mississippi	19.87	20.26	0.657	6.92	7.22	0.688	32.32	33.38	0.480	19.44	19.68	0.828
Missouri	23.79	24.23	0.633	9.47	8.80	0.397	43.37	42.44	0.556	22.40	23.19	0.495
Montana	26.76	26.95	0.852	11.55^a	13.81	0.035	50.58	50.53	0.979	24.63	24.59	0.974
Nebraska	25.32	25.83	0.586	9.57	8.49	0.172	44.53	46.83	0.167	23.80	24.13	0.782
Nevada	24.18^b	26.13	0.064	9.18	9.30	0.895	39.52^a	43.31	0.023	23.87	25.75	0.152
New Hampshire	25.93	25.35	0.566	12.51	11.23	0.166	53.10	51.34	0.331	23.49	23.10	0.755
New Jersey	22.77^b	24.41	0.094	9.84	9.18	0.485	41.02^b	44.13	0.056	21.63	23.26	0.178
New Mexico	21.91	22.87	0.325	9.50	10.18	0.433	39.15	38.25	0.596	20.43	21.71	0.290
New York	23.25	24.08	0.156	9.79	10.06	0.638	43.05	43.67	0.533	21.41	22.27	0.243
North Carolina	21.42	20.84	0.500	8.15	7.38	0.224	37.52	36.88	0.666	20.51	19.91	0.586
North Dakota	32.58^a	29.77	0.007	12.27	12.51	0.828	59.51^a	53.52	0.001	29.05^b	26.59	0.064
Ohio	25.54	25.33	0.722	10.65^b	9.74	0.087	46.75	46.98	0.808	23.98	23.76	0.764
Oklahoma	21.58	22.34	0.423	8.31	9.52	0.165	39.23	38.88	0.835	20.10	21.00	0.453
Oregon	23.40	23.98	0.531	9.06	10.01	0.219	44.36	46.12	0.287	21.88	22.18	0.786
Pennsylvania	24.32	24.05	0.657	9.15	8.68	0.356	43.99	44.83	0.392	22.97	22.49	0.516
Rhode Island	27.71	27.22	0.657	11.77^a	9.56	0.024	52.04^a	48.45	0.042	25.15	25.35	0.881
South Carolina	21.51	21.83	0.732	6.96	6.33	0.319	34.63	35.79	0.443	21.22	21.47	0.833
South Dakota	28.47	29.71	0.228	10.47	9.55	0.319	53.16	52.28	0.596	26.36	28.26	0.142
Tennessee	18.73	18.72	0.987	7.84	7.07	0.241	34.21	33.37	0.587	17.71	17.89	0.868
Texas	23.21	24.19	0.104	8.94	8.50	0.381	38.95	38.98	0.975	22.34^b	23.68	0.078
Utah	15.13	14.07	0.216	5.96	5.48	0.502	23.79	23.71	0.963	14.48	13.10	0.219
Vermont	25.32	26.03	0.452	12.70^b	10.76	0.067	53.34	51.90	0.380	22.25	23.54	0.273
Virginia	23.66	23.58	0.924	9.32	8.41	0.222	43.57	42.98	0.731	22.11	22.15	0.974
Washington	21.10	21.39	0.751	8.56	8.57	0.991	41.38	40.36	0.523	19.43	19.91	0.669
West Virginia	19.26	20.11	0.341	8.90	8.14	0.337	37.72	38.69	0.574	17.73	18.72	0.362
Wisconsin	28.17	29.03	0.445	11.51	11.00	0.594	51.36	51.66	0.863	26.35	27.43	0.437
Wyoming	24.68	23.31	0.160	11.79	11.39	0.767	44.99^b	41.75	0.057	22.72	21.53	0.320

101011

Table C.11 *Perceptions of Great Risk of Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week,* by Age Group and State: 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 NSDUHs
State	12+ (2007-2008)	12+ (2008-2009)	12+ (p value)	12-17 (2007-2008)	12-17 (2008-2009)	12-17 (p value)	18-25 (2007-2008)	18-25 (2008-2009)	18-25 (p value)	26+ (2007-2008)	26+ (2008-2009)	26+ (p value)
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no change. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ^a Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality (formerly the Office of Applied Studies), National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2007, 2008, and 2009.
Total U.S.	41.94	41.93	0.984	39.98	40.23	0.422	33.21	33.25	0.907	43.70	43.65	0.882
Northeast	40.39	40.27	0.795	39.21	39.55	0.541	30.69	30.85	0.776	42.16	41.95	0.719
Midwest	38.57	38.79	0.518	37.26	37.87	0.206	28.34	28.95	0.134	40.51	40.61	0.824
South	44.09	44.05	0.910	41.85	41.95	0.823	36.27	36.13	0.767	45.70	45.65	0.917
West	43.01	42.91	0.830	40.23	40.27	0.950	35.07	34.69	0.548	44.82	44.76	0.909
Alabama	45.88	45.40	0.717	43.54	44.90	0.403	36.74	37.95	0.452	47.73	46.73	0.541
Alaska	38.87^a	41.32	0.044	41.71	42.68	0.564	28.25	29.84	0.343	40.43^b	43.29	0.068
Arizona	42.38	43.40	0.436	37.24	39.31	0.205	36.46	36.53	0.967	44.07	45.11	0.534
Arkansas	41.32	43.17	0.141	39.19^b	42.05	0.072	34.44	33.89	0.742	42.71	44.82	0.170
California	43.79	43.50	0.704	41.68	41.71	0.974	36.54	36.20	0.739	45.47	45.16	0.748
Colorado	38.35^b	40.66	0.061	36.60	37.23	0.662	26.10^a	30.02	0.010	40.61	42.85	0.146
Connecticut	39.75	40.83	0.403	37.09^a	40.68	0.037	30.32	32.27	0.244	41.57	42.21	0.695
Delaware	41.71	40.62	0.384	41.99	40.36	0.317	32.52	31.83	0.713	43.21	42.11	0.484
District of Columbia	41.46	40.74	0.554	45.00	46.12	0.503	31.85	33.09	0.498	43.25	41.96	0.405
Florida	44.03	44.71	0.376	40.97	41.43	0.650	37.12	37.67	0.570	45.39	46.10	0.447
Georgia	45.05	45.66	0.639	45.49	46.62	0.476	36.49	36.10	0.803	46.45	47.16	0.666
Hawaii	41.51	39.77	0.220	40.88	42.44	0.382	31.95	32.33	0.830	43.09	40.65	0.164
Idaho	42.57^b	40.39	0.064	36.94	37.59	0.675	33.53	32.36	0.430	44.99^b	42.20	0.064
Illinois	40.53	40.03	0.505	39.08	38.75	0.727	31.59	30.47	0.216	42.33	41.93	0.674
Indiana	39.70	39.79	0.933	37.86	38.52	0.674	29.18	29.34	0.909	41.73	41.72	0.998
Iowa	36.96	35.42	0.210	38.96	37.75	0.442	24.04	24.66	0.661	39.00	37.03	0.203
Kansas	37.45	37.96	0.675	35.12	34.03	0.506	24.15	26.17	0.192	40.27	40.68	0.789
Kentucky	41.96	42.68	0.568	43.39	42.27	0.503	32.66	33.20	0.727	43.24	44.21	0.531
Louisiana	45.40	45.51	0.924	44.28	44.63	0.831	39.10	40.57	0.366	46.78	46.59	0.902
Maine	38.07	37.31	0.567	35.84	36.00	0.919	25.05	26.22	0.426	40.14	38.98	0.476
Maryland	42.31	43.11	0.532	41.95	43.46	0.361	35.51	37.67	0.197	43.49	43.98	0.759
Massachusetts	35.32	35.38	0.960	33.30	34.17	0.582	24.99	26.45	0.301	37.35	37.11	0.878
Michigan	39.10	39.24	0.846	36.75^a	38.88	0.021	30.30^b	31.76	0.085	40.91	40.56	0.707
Minnesota	36.52	37.05	0.661	36.39	38.04	0.300	27.88	27.32	0.703	38.04	38.59	0.716
Mississippi	48.11	48.12	0.992	47.15	46.37	0.657	42.39	42.16	0.890	49.30	49.47	0.919
Missouri	39.25^b	41.27	0.085	36.70^a	39.91	0.049	27.03^a	30.72	0.013	41.61	43.18	0.291
Montana	39.69	39.01	0.590	34.70	33.58	0.445	28.66	29.72	0.477	42.19	41.21	0.545
Nebraska	36.29	35.26	0.400	35.73	35.09	0.691	26.19	24.83	0.364	38.27	37.26	0.515
Nevada	46.07	45.35	0.572	41.04	41.54	0.760	38.16	36.05	0.220	47.89	47.21	0.673
New Hampshire	32.88^a	35.67	0.016	31.78	33.53	0.234	20.00^a	23.13	0.021	34.97^a	37.85	0.048
New Jersey	43.17^b	40.81	0.064	38.89^a	34.86	0.012	33.25	31.57	0.310	45.22	42.97	0.156
New Mexico	47.67	45.96	0.218	39.45	37.57	0.238	38.24	37.07	0.458	50.53	48.71	0.305
New York	42.24	41.98	0.751	40.96	41.52	0.597	32.34	31.94	0.687	44.16	43.85	0.763
North Carolina	44.43	43.58	0.462	41.17	38.88	0.165	36.00	35.63	0.805	46.19	45.44	0.605
North Dakota	36.37	34.95	0.216	35.36	34.34	0.507	24.80	25.16	0.807	39.14	37.22	0.208
Ohio	38.95	39.34	0.607	37.04	37.38	0.703	27.74	28.02	0.722	41.05	41.45	0.682
Oklahoma	44.01	42.90	0.393	39.73	39.23	0.765	33.79	34.26	0.775	46.46	44.95	0.365
Oregon	38.63	38.74	0.926	33.91	34.85	0.553	28.55	27.16	0.343	40.75	40.98	0.871
Pennsylvania	39.84	40.82	0.211	41.66^a	43.51	0.046	31.69	32.28	0.481	40.95	41.90	0.332
Rhode Island	38.60	38.41	0.884	40.10	39.46	0.691	29.66	31.08	0.389	40.08	39.66	0.800
South Carolina	44.26	45.70	0.256	41.79	41.50	0.862	35.92^a	39.13	0.042	45.94	47.29	0.392
South Dakota	35.17	34.55	0.624	33.44	32.69	0.635	23.07	24.63	0.266	37.61	36.58	0.522
Tennessee	45.43^a	42.58	0.035	41.51	41.21	0.843	35.92	33.63	0.120	47.36^b	44.12	0.053
Texas	44.26	43.82	0.577	40.83	40.83	1.000	37.13	35.81	0.163	46.12	45.77	0.729
Utah	51.25	49.65	0.240	50.12^a	46.23	0.045	45.10^a	38.95	0.001	53.03	52.92	0.955
Vermont	36.59	36.50	0.942	34.04	34.15	0.943	21.20	22.46	0.346	39.40	39.05	0.833
Virginia	42.42	41.94	0.721	40.03	40.37	0.843	33.33	32.15	0.430	44.25	43.80	0.789
Washington	41.09	40.94	0.907	37.56	36.34	0.432	30.72	30.33	0.785	43.19	43.21	0.988
West Virginia	41.08^b	43.42	0.077	40.27	39.28	0.557	33.67	32.36	0.410	42.24^a	45.45	0.049
Wisconsin	35.15	36.29	0.319	36.50	35.79	0.650	25.81	27.86	0.136	36.56	37.77	0.408
Wyoming	40.27	39.93	0.788	37.19	39.70	0.143	27.49	29.19	0.360	42.94	41.87	0.499

101011

Table C.12 *Alcohol Use and Binge Alcohol Use in Past Month among Persons Aged 12 to 20*, by State: 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 NSDUHs
State	Alcohol Use in Past Month (2007-2008)	Alcohol Use in Past Month (2008-2009)	Alcohol Use in Past Month (p value)	Binge Alcohol Use in Past Month (2007-2008)	Binge Alcohol Use in Past Month (2008-2009)	Binge Alcohol Use in Past Month (p value)
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no change. NOTE: Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ^a Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality (formerly the Office of Applied Studies), National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2007, 2008, and 2009.
Total U.S.	27.16	26.81	0.130	18.03	17.74	0.192
Northeast	30.54	30.77	0.616	20.30	19.97	0.424
Midwest	28.49^a	27.59	0.006	19.78	19.26	0.106
South	25.27	25.13	0.673	16.32	16.13	0.485
West	26.27	25.71	0.214	17.31	17.15	0.687
Alabama	22.74	23.63	0.422	14.31	14.55	0.765
Alaska	26.24	25.44	0.528	18.30	18.57	0.795
Arizona	27.36^a	24.62	0.020	16.83	16.04	0.406
Arkansas	24.05	23.05	0.380	15.34	14.55	0.353
California	25.60	25.14	0.521	16.91	16.74	0.783
Colorado	31.98	32.96	0.446	20.73	20.27	0.648
Connecticut	32.37	31.03	0.293	24.29	23.70	0.618
Delaware	30.29^b	32.48	0.090	21.30	22.21	0.444
District of Columbia	35.02^a	31.60	0.041	22.77^a	17.76	0.000
Florida	27.55	26.61	0.164	17.52^b	16.55	0.086
Georgia	23.56	24.18	0.564	14.44	14.89	0.559
Hawaii	22.67	23.75	0.383	15.56	16.60	0.334
Idaho	20.83^a	23.99	0.007	14.26^b	15.94	0.067
Illinois	27.98	28.35	0.607	19.77	19.58	0.761
Indiana	25.47^b	23.57	0.084	17.41	16.95	0.607
Iowa	27.90^b	29.88	0.094	20.41	21.22	0.414
Kansas	26.85^b	28.80	0.076	18.46	19.12	0.513
Kentucky	24.59	23.68	0.443	16.57	16.48	0.918
Louisiana	28.96	29.68	0.509	17.26	17.69	0.591
Maine	28.35	26.62	0.116	19.10^a	16.91	0.012
Maryland	28.10^b	25.95	0.064	17.87	16.69	0.191
Massachusetts	33.32	32.96	0.771	23.12	22.31	0.444
Michigan	28.73^a	26.75	0.003	18.38	17.80	0.320
Minnesota	29.62^b	27.48	0.080	21.76^a	19.61	0.029
Mississippi	21.34^a	24.26	0.012	14.14^b	15.68	0.087
Missouri	27.00^a	24.17	0.013	18.39^b	16.81	0.075
Montana	32.62	34.50	0.147	22.82	24.44	0.149
Nebraska	28.33	26.39	0.121	18.61	18.25	0.721
Nevada	23.73	24.66	0.431	16.70	17.01	0.736
New Hampshire	34.23	34.73	0.673	25.08	24.56	0.609
New Jersey	26.33	27.24	0.459	17.63	18.33	0.463
New Mexico	26.60	25.68	0.455	17.33	17.43	0.915
New York	31.52	31.98	0.549	20.12	20.03	0.894
North Carolina	24.13	22.40	0.114	14.87	13.59	0.108
North Dakota	37.98	36.45	0.258	27.97	26.40	0.178
Ohio	29.06	28.41	0.305	20.83	20.48	0.566
Oklahoma	24.51	25.90	0.261	16.69	17.63	0.323
Oregon	31.13	31.28	0.906	20.49	20.06	0.653
Pennsylvania	28.69	29.42	0.303	18.67	18.13	0.382
Rhode Island	37.70^a	34.72	0.026	25.24^a	22.46	0.010
South Carolina	22.97	21.79	0.281	13.70	13.43	0.733
South Dakota	31.30	32.15	0.461	22.66	22.82	0.876
Tennessee	21.30	20.11	0.301	14.62	13.52	0.217
Texas	25.54	26.46	0.158	16.99	17.16	0.768
Utah	13.64	14.21	0.643	11.69	11.53	0.876
Vermont	38.32	36.60	0.186	27.25^a	24.62	0.022
Virginia	26.16	25.88	0.812	17.89	18.44	0.565
Washington	29.83^a	26.97	0.018	18.51	18.30	0.832
West Virginia	23.91	22.66	0.300	16.32	15.86	0.640
Wisconsin	31.78	30.90	0.471	22.00	21.62	0.711
Wyoming	30.60	30.55	0.974	22.60	21.51	0.390

101011

Table C.13 *Tobacco Product Use in Past Month,* by Age Group and State: 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 NSDUHs
State	12+ (2007-2008)	12+ (2008-2009)	12+ (p value)	12-17 (2007-2008)	12-17 (2008-2009)	12-17 (p value)	18-25 (2007-2008)	18-25 (2008-2009)	18-25 (p value)	26+ (2007-2008)	26+ (2008-2009)	26+ (p value)
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no change. NOTE: Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ^a Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality (formerly the Office of Applied Studies), National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2007, 2008, and 2009.
Total U.S.	28.49^b	28.02	0.098	11.91^b	11.52	0.075	41.61	41.51	0.754	28.42	27.82	0.105
Northeast	26.27	26.20	0.874	11.18	10.92	0.464	40.40	41.11	0.206	25.78	25.53	0.657
Midwest	31.23^b	30.56	0.066	13.79^a	13.19	0.048	46.95	46.35	0.208	30.82	30.07	0.116
South	30.23^b	29.54	0.054	12.27^a	11.46	0.007	42.27	41.68	0.207	30.55	29.81	0.106
West	24.92	24.68	0.594	10.16	10.52	0.343	36.60	37.12	0.393	24.84	24.33	0.378
Alabama	32.67	32.97	0.796	14.67	13.21	0.125	47.45	45.49	0.249	32.50	33.35	0.562
Alaska	29.60	29.39	0.848	13.56	13.51	0.962	44.74	44.53	0.909	29.26	28.90	0.799
Arizona	27.86^a	25.69	0.047	11.07	10.10	0.261	41.26	39.76	0.378	27.86^b	25.39	0.072
Arkansas	35.88	35.28	0.615	14.87	14.93	0.952	48.56	47.63	0.592	36.52	35.86	0.659
California	22.51	22.81	0.654	8.36^b	9.46	0.055	33.03	34.35	0.162	22.54	22.46	0.928
Colorado	30.10^a	27.44	0.016	14.07	13.22	0.397	48.19^a	43.71	0.007	29.07^b	26.45	0.057
Connecticut	26.45	25.40	0.337	11.47	10.92	0.575	42.95	41.56	0.408	25.79	24.65	0.407
Delaware	30.29	30.13	0.894	12.39	12.99	0.533	43.92	45.48	0.334	30.27	29.67	0.679
District of Columbia	29.48	27.72	0.127	9.40	9.34	0.943	37.41	34.89	0.136	29.68	27.82	0.194
Florida	28.56^a	26.75	0.011	11.40	10.54	0.154	40.34^a	38.38	0.035	28.76^a	26.81	0.028
Georgia	31.39^a	28.89	0.022	13.37^b	11.64	0.058	42.28	40.79	0.396	32.07^a	29.25	0.043
Hawaii	24.15^b	22.31	0.096	10.04	10.01	0.973	38.82	37.13	0.365	23.47	21.34	0.116
Idaho	25.30	26.87	0.114	10.75	10.69	0.939	37.84	39.77	0.234	25.18	26.91	0.174
Illinois	29.69	28.99	0.305	12.92	12.41	0.368	44.25	44.18	0.943	29.34	28.43	0.300
Indiana	32.91	31.94	0.352	15.11	13.92	0.247	47.51	46.49	0.534	32.82	31.85	0.466
Iowa	28.79	30.28	0.176	12.58	12.36	0.820	41.50	44.12	0.102	28.60	30.07	0.289
Kansas	30.47	30.75	0.807	13.23	13.09	0.894	49.31	47.48	0.294	29.28	29.98	0.630
Kentucky	38.47	38.09	0.750	18.01	16.82	0.321	54.37	52.71	0.291	38.51	38.37	0.928
Louisiana	30.73	30.71	0.986	11.57	10.60	0.251	41.51	41.14	0.814	31.30	31.46	0.915
Maine	29.85	29.85	0.995	12.70	12.06	0.535	46.30	47.69	0.412	29.50	29.32	0.901
Maryland	25.30	23.97	0.210	9.37	8.67	0.355	36.79	35.56	0.445	25.47	23.96	0.260
Massachusetts	24.37	25.02	0.520	10.74	10.47	0.754	39.11	41.40	0.151	23.45	23.82	0.773
Michigan	30.24	30.44	0.778	13.07	12.89	0.757	45.72	45.90	0.841	29.95	30.12	0.843
Minnesota	29.85^a	27.66	0.035	13.76	12.39	0.126	49.23	47.46	0.266	28.57^b	26.19	0.072
Mississippi	31.18	31.64	0.685	11.18	12.02	0.345	41.90	43.40	0.356	32.09	32.23	0.923
Missouri	32.56	32.70	0.891	13.90	14.52	0.539	47.06	47.29	0.888	32.57	32.61	0.980
Montana	30.30	31.19	0.415	15.46	15.59	0.907	48.81	49.18	0.820	29.03	30.06	0.454
Nebraska	29.12	29.08	0.973	13.35	12.22	0.214	43.80	42.30	0.370	28.45	28.80	0.806
Nevada	29.75	28.50	0.340	11.75	11.98	0.825	40.22	40.45	0.888	30.54	28.85	0.300
New Hampshire	26.80	28.12	0.224	12.34	12.51	0.842	42.80	45.08	0.199	26.18	27.42	0.352
New Jersey	25.65	24.82	0.486	9.67	9.81	0.885	37.10	38.33	0.452	25.92	24.60	0.366
New Mexico	26.82	26.69	0.905	13.08	12.80	0.773	43.90	42.52	0.416	25.56	25.61	0.971
New York	24.39	24.58	0.784	10.41	10.73	0.594	38.35	39.23	0.382	23.66	23.63	0.972
North Carolina	31.58	31.32	0.821	13.56^b	11.95	0.074	43.99	43.64	0.829	31.87	31.73	0.927
North Dakota	30.15	30.39	0.831	14.64	13.46	0.275	49.55^b	46.37	0.052	27.73	28.91	0.404
Ohio	33.88^a	32.27	0.022	14.76	14.04	0.279	51.04	49.55	0.104	33.54^a	31.75	0.045
Oklahoma	33.19	34.82	0.208	14.51	13.74	0.493	46.63	48.47	0.318	33.21	35.09	0.253
Oregon	29.90	30.08	0.864	14.38	14.86	0.639	42.37^b	45.17	0.096	29.81	29.52	0.826
Pennsylvania	29.78	29.85	0.918	13.03^b	11.94	0.061	44.29	44.57	0.749	29.47	29.58	0.900
Rhode Island	28.83^a	26.30	0.016	12.58^a	10.25	0.011	46.48^a	41.54	0.006	27.54^b	25.36	0.092
South Carolina	31.60	31.21	0.740	12.06	11.61	0.609	44.59	44.19	0.802	31.97	31.51	0.754
South Dakota	30.31	31.28	0.369	14.66	14.88	0.828	50.00	49.50	0.752	28.79	30.13	0.336
Tennessee	33.70	33.48	0.839	13.81	12.42	0.141	45.78	46.91	0.489	34.30	33.97	0.814
Texas	27.75	27.05	0.325	10.50	10.00	0.379	38.85	38.34	0.602	28.21	27.42	0.386
Utah	17.90	18.38	0.618	7.45	6.66	0.363	24.03	24.93	0.596	18.13	18.73	0.633
Vermont	28.91	27.60	0.273	14.68^b	12.63	0.054	46.48	44.41	0.221	27.73	26.55	0.427
Virginia	27.09	27.53	0.669	11.75	11.67	0.928	40.38	41.60	0.465	26.78	27.09	0.808
Washington	26.92	26.90	0.988	12.61	11.81	0.369	40.67	41.62	0.576	26.51	26.38	0.920
West Virginia	36.73	38.38	0.207	16.65	16.86	0.856	53.43	54.24	0.642	36.52	38.41	0.237
Wisconsin	31.71	30.14	0.139	14.37	12.76	0.112	46.55	45.36	0.484	31.39	29.71	0.204
Wyoming	35.16	34.33	0.500	19.37	18.44	0.484	51.38	49.80	0.325	34.31	33.57	0.637

101011

Table C.14 *Cigarette Use in Past Month,* by Age Group and State: 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 NSDUHs
State	12+ (2007-2008)	12+ (2008-2009)	12+ (p value)	12-17 (2007-2008)	12-17 (2008-2009)	12-17 (p value)	18-25 (2007-2008)	18-25 (2008-2009)	18-25 (p value)	26+ (2007-2008)	26+ (2008-2009)	26+ (p value)
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no change. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ^a Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality (formerly the Office of Applied Studies), National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2007, 2008, and 2009.
Total U.S.	24.08^b	23.61	0.089	9.46^a	8.99	0.007	35.93	35.76	0.629	23.97	23.39	0.123
Northeast	22.36	22.24	0.786	8.78	8.46	0.264	34.65^b	35.74	0.065	21.99	21.63	0.517
Midwest	26.26^b	25.66	0.100	10.95^a	10.43	0.050	40.74	39.93	0.104	25.78	25.17	0.201
South	25.46^b	24.82	0.065	9.95^a	9.07	0.000	36.59	35.99	0.191	25.60	24.95	0.148
West	21.22	20.86	0.379	7.83	7.94	0.720	31.46	31.64	0.759	21.22	20.64	0.292
Alabama	27.18	26.75	0.682	11.31	10.31	0.230	38.47	38.13	0.827	27.33	26.92	0.754
Alaska	24.18	24.19	0.992	9.13	9.39	0.732	38.72	38.30	0.816	23.80	23.74	0.963
Arizona	23.94^a	21.96	0.037	9.34	8.70	0.404	34.63	33.04	0.324	24.11^b	21.85	0.061
Arkansas	31.10	30.30	0.484	13.12	12.03	0.252	43.74	42.80	0.585	31.36	30.59	0.595
California	19.35	19.29	0.918	6.63	7.02	0.369	28.54	29.52	0.268	19.44	19.05	0.629
Colorado	25.14^a	22.34	0.004	9.89	9.65	0.767	42.12^a	36.35	0.001	24.20^a	21.55	0.031
Connecticut	21.86	21.49	0.706	8.86	8.64	0.779	36.95	36.50	0.786	21.15	20.72	0.722
Delaware	26.35	25.51	0.436	9.65	9.76	0.892	40.09	39.92	0.913	26.17	25.03	0.409
District of Columbia	27.01^a	23.98	0.005	6.92	6.21	0.284	34.35^a	30.13	0.006	27.34^a	24.26	0.026
Florida	24.03^a	22.66	0.048	9.13^b	8.27	0.093	34.63^a	32.63	0.030	24.15	22.76	0.112
Georgia	26.00	24.41	0.120	9.81	8.93	0.235	36.79	35.73	0.496	26.44	24.62	0.169
Hawaii	21.62	20.22	0.188	6.88	7.66	0.275	35.74	34.11	0.371	21.09	19.42	0.196
Idaho	21.66	23.09	0.134	8.81	8.97	0.842	33.15	35.07	0.242	21.48	23.00	0.215
Illinois	25.23	24.92	0.640	10.18	9.98	0.701	39.02	39.01	0.988	24.78	24.34	0.608
Indiana	27.56	26.79	0.461	11.97	10.84	0.186	42.25	41.04	0.427	27.16	26.48	0.616
Iowa	23.72	24.90	0.272	10.27	10.07	0.810	34.68	37.10	0.116	23.49	24.59	0.412
Kansas	25.29	24.99	0.770	11.01	10.74	0.751	42.17	39.71	0.150	24.06	24.14	0.949
Kentucky	32.19	31.97	0.863	14.47^b	12.37	0.051	47.11^b	44.27	0.088	32.04	32.42	0.805
Louisiana	26.51	26.50	0.989	9.48	8.35	0.124	35.56	35.97	0.787	27.12	27.16	0.981
Maine	26.35	25.62	0.522	10.91	9.65	0.120	42.77	42.49	0.863	25.81	25.02	0.574
Maryland	21.47	20.12	0.168	7.82	7.43	0.586	31.76	31.37	0.802	21.54	19.84	0.163
Massachusetts	19.91	21.05	0.236	7.81	7.56	0.710	31.38^a	34.59	0.046	19.37	20.22	0.488
Michigan	25.47	26.17	0.313	10.34	10.35	0.992	39.70	39.82	0.897	25.11	25.93	0.355
Minnesota	25.18^b	23.47	0.081	11.10^b	9.71	0.077	43.11	40.85	0.173	23.89	22.22	0.184
Mississippi	25.29	26.35	0.314	9.08	9.57	0.551	35.45	36.58	0.441	25.76	26.83	0.425
Missouri	27.23	26.38	0.422	11.30	10.92	0.664	39.85	39.53	0.837	27.20	26.17	0.445
Montana	23.30	24.69	0.184	10.84	11.21	0.689	38.25	39.53	0.408	22.34	23.83	0.252
Nebraska	24.67	24.29	0.712	10.46	9.33	0.128	37.54	36.02	0.345	24.14	24.04	0.940
Nevada	26.63^b	24.55	0.080	9.95	9.46	0.537	35.01	33.91	0.489	27.56^b	25.09	0.099
New Hampshire	22.34	23.30	0.339	9.38	10.10	0.333	36.67	39.23	0.117	21.79	22.46	0.586
New Jersey	22.35	21.01	0.220	7.29	7.63	0.586	33.48	35.12	0.311	22.55	20.49	0.131
New Mexico	22.65	22.70	0.962	10.53	10.00	0.554	38.22	36.07	0.196	21.44	21.91	0.718
New York	21.27	21.32	0.941	8.30	8.17	0.798	33.33	34.39	0.255	20.75	20.58	0.838
North Carolina	26.57	26.44	0.905	10.94^a	9.07	0.017	38.89	38.05	0.604	26.56	26.71	0.914
North Dakota	25.08	24.62	0.670	11.49	10.36	0.204	40.36^a	36.37	0.010	23.36	23.76	0.771
Ohio	28.14^a	26.70	0.039	11.35	10.91	0.401	43.24	41.88	0.161	27.84^b	26.22	0.070
Oklahoma	27.34	28.22	0.457	12.11	11.28	0.402	40.39	41.11	0.681	26.98	28.09	0.461
Oregon	24.38	24.98	0.566	9.46	10.27	0.304	34.43^b	37.49	0.059	24.60	24.75	0.905
Pennsylvania	24.83	24.85	0.976	10.61^b	9.64	0.063	37.13	37.79	0.454	24.57	24.55	0.983
Rhode Island	24.69^a	22.52	0.035	9.81^a	7.91	0.015	39.72^a	35.28	0.012	23.73	21.88	0.153
South Carolina	27.26	26.86	0.716	10.03	9.38	0.390	39.32	37.63	0.326	27.49	27.26	0.868
South Dakota	24.55	24.99	0.662	11.61	11.37	0.779	40.49	39.86	0.702	23.36	24.07	0.572
Tennessee	28.34	28.28	0.959	11.12^b	9.67	0.071	38.68	39.52	0.596	28.87	28.81	0.967
Texas	23.41	22.52	0.144	8.80	8.15	0.203	33.81	33.67	0.877	23.61	22.52	0.171
Utah	15.34	16.35	0.250	5.77	5.33	0.522	21.67	22.37	0.650	15.38	16.73	0.251
Vermont	22.49	22.27	0.838	10.40^a	8.67	0.029	38.73	38.02	0.654	21.28	21.23	0.974
Virginia	23.24	23.29	0.964	10.02	9.51	0.503	35.40	35.74	0.830	22.85	22.86	0.994
Washington	22.65	22.89	0.804	9.38	8.89	0.458	34.68	35.56	0.563	22.39	22.56	0.886
West Virginia	29.08	30.72	0.191	12.94	13.10	0.868	45.90	47.04	0.510	28.42	30.25	0.230
Wisconsin	27.40	25.73	0.108	11.73	10.54	0.173	42.45	40.37	0.203	26.84	25.14	0.196
Wyoming	27.29	26.50	0.490	12.94	12.52	0.655	41.74^b	39.22	0.100	26.56	25.99	0.691

101011

Table C.15 *Perceptions of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day,* by Age Group and State: 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 NSDUHs
State	12+ (2007-2008)	12+ (2008-2009)	12+ (p value)	12-17 (2007-2008)	12-17 (2008-2009)	12-17 (p value)	18-25 (2007-2008)	18-25 (2008-2009)	18-25 (p value)	26+ (2007-2008)	26+ (2008-2009)	26+ (p value)
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no change. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ^a Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality (formerly the Office of Applied Studies), National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2007, 2008, and 2009.
Total U.S.	73.72^a	72.32	0.000	69.26^a	67.74	0.000	69.80^a	66.89	0.000	74.98^a	73.85	0.001
Northeast	76.60^a	74.71	0.000	72.02^a	70.84	0.029	72.84^a	69.85	0.000	77.80^a	76.00	0.001
Midwest	70.77^a	68.84	0.000	67.91^a	66.56	0.003	66.04^a	63.19	0.000	71.97^a	70.11	0.000
South	72.81^a	71.95	0.020	67.76^a	66.18	0.000	69.06^a	66.16	0.000	74.10	73.66	0.329
West	75.67^a	74.31	0.003	70.75^a	68.93	0.001	72.10^a	69.11	0.000	77.00^b	75.98	0.070
Alabama	68.45	68.16	0.811	63.30	61.79	0.340	65.90^a	62.01	0.017	69.55	70.01	0.763
Alaska	71.69	70.83	0.450	71.10	69.17	0.187	66.62^b	63.86	0.092	72.74	72.39	0.815
Arizona	74.81^a	72.42	0.041	71.28^a	66.41	0.003	69.47^a	65.73	0.018	76.19	74.35	0.207
Arkansas	69.58	68.23	0.248	66.00	64.77	0.421	66.64^a	62.45	0.010	70.52	69.61	0.532
California	76.94^b	75.79	0.089	71.00^b	69.44	0.080	73.85^a	71.47	0.011	78.37	77.51	0.309
Colorado	75.09	73.82	0.261	69.50	68.32	0.410	69.46	67.14	0.123	76.73	75.61	0.430
Connecticut	77.43^a	74.28	0.005	71.81	70.44	0.352	73.37^a	69.10	0.005	78.80^a	75.58	0.023
Delaware	75.51	74.39	0.342	72.42	70.32	0.124	71.85^b	69.22	0.058	76.51	75.75	0.612
District of Columbia	78.85	77.48	0.165	67.49	67.84	0.820	76.12^a	72.17	0.009	80.56	79.58	0.423
Florida	75.36	75.38	0.984	70.36^a	68.56	0.050	70.44	69.66	0.415	76.65	76.97	0.701
Georgia	72.51	72.77	0.809	68.68	68.11	0.692	69.14	68.28	0.554	73.61	74.18	0.687
Hawaii	73.48	73.88	0.749	72.85^b	70.22	0.096	70.93	68.55	0.139	73.96	75.15	0.439
Idaho	74.66^a	69.75	0.000	70.92^a	67.69	0.037	70.84^a	64.40	0.000	75.88^a	70.99	0.001
Illinois	73.88^a	70.55	0.000	69.16^a	66.93	0.013	69.53^a	65.47	0.000	75.30^a	71.95	0.000
Indiana	70.14^a	67.53	0.024	68.51^b	66.10	0.099	67.32^a	62.33	0.001	70.84	68.60	0.126
Iowa	69.12^a	65.37	0.001	67.37^a	64.07	0.022	63.91^a	58.23	0.000	70.27^a	66.80	0.016
Kansas	69.82	68.12	0.166	65.61^a	62.38	0.049	63.19	62.96	0.900	71.65	69.85	0.245
Kentucky	64.95^a	62.09	0.030	64.32	63.93	0.810	58.87^a	53.74	0.001	65.98^b	63.17	0.087
Louisiana	73.29	72.50	0.466	67.24	66.79	0.765	70.37^a	67.03	0.021	74.70	74.34	0.793
Maine	72.04	70.33	0.151	69.50	68.72	0.589	65.41^b	62.89	0.096	73.26	71.54	0.238
Maryland	73.58	74.82	0.304	69.24	68.79	0.757	68.91	68.84	0.964	74.93	76.60	0.269
Massachusetts	73.40	73.07	0.771	69.69	70.38	0.645	71.61^b	68.89	0.057	74.16	74.13	0.981
Michigan	71.19^a	69.00	0.003	66.33	64.97	0.138	65.76^a	63.42	0.011	72.77^a	70.48	0.014
Minnesota	71.70^a	69.20	0.039	69.40	68.13	0.392	65.89^a	62.61	0.032	73.00^b	70.46	0.094
Mississippi	71.14	69.92	0.308	66.15^b	63.12	0.052	67.13^a	63.79	0.032	72.61	72.01	0.694
Missouri	69.41	68.56	0.483	66.91	67.33	0.775	64.71^b	61.91	0.078	70.51	69.81	0.644
Montana	72.80^a	69.12	0.001	67.86	66.09	0.223	68.24^a	62.17	0.000	74.20^a	70.64	0.014
Nebraska	70.98^b	68.89	0.080	67.30	65.57	0.245	65.30^a	61.22	0.009	72.54	70.78	0.244
Nevada	73.25	72.72	0.673	70.62^a	67.44	0.039	69.40	69.00	0.811	74.15	73.95	0.895
New Hampshire	74.56^a	71.79	0.014	66.44	65.14	0.381	68.24^b	65.72	0.098	76.54^a	73.52	0.033
New Jersey	77.19^a	74.48	0.015	73.69^a	70.68	0.040	72.86^b	69.84	0.051	78.30^b	75.67	0.059
New Mexico	76.18	75.06	0.316	69.23^a	66.12	0.045	73.15^a	68.51	0.003	77.68	77.44	0.863
New York	79.61^a	77.85	0.016	73.38	72.74	0.468	75.80^a	72.80	0.001	81.07^b	79.39	0.066
North Carolina	74.65^a	71.75	0.015	71.07	69.68	0.331	70.19^a	66.31	0.008	75.82^b	72.89	0.051
North Dakota	69.80^b	67.73	0.085	69.58^a	65.92	0.014	66.77	65.79	0.536	70.53	68.39	0.166
Ohio	69.86	69.52	0.638	68.85	67.71	0.184	65.02^a	63.16	0.049	70.79	70.79	1.000
Oklahoma	70.30	68.60	0.176	64.63^b	61.85	0.095	67.18^b	64.17	0.084	71.63	70.29	0.401
Oregon	72.73	71.66	0.356	68.02	66.95	0.481	68.81^a	63.06	0.000	73.89	73.54	0.805
Pennsylvania	73.66^a	71.97	0.020	70.64	69.40	0.128	69.54^a	66.93	0.006	74.71^b	73.11	0.076
Rhode Island	75.80^a	71.90	0.001	73.26^a	69.18	0.006	73.73^a	68.62	0.001	76.50^a	72.84	0.014
South Carolina	72.11	71.49	0.601	66.67	65.70	0.515	67.72	65.04	0.107	73.52	73.27	0.861
South Dakota	69.94	68.12	0.148	68.10	68.13	0.984	66.67	65.31	0.391	70.79	68.62	0.172
Tennessee	70.94^a	67.13	0.002	64.81	63.06	0.244	66.91^a	61.76	0.002	72.31^a	68.45	0.011
Texas	73.43	73.23	0.776	66.76^a	64.27	0.007	71.13^a	67.59	0.000	74.85	75.59	0.419
Utah	77.27	75.66	0.116	77.00	75.34	0.249	73.44^b	70.56	0.057	78.30	76.99	0.336
Vermont	77.49^a	74.99	0.033	73.43^a	69.50	0.010	71.95^a	67.30	0.004	78.87	76.86	0.166
Virginia	74.27	72.94	0.230	69.73	69.20	0.724	69.41^a	65.23	0.007	75.66	74.71	0.491
Washington	73.70	72.36	0.217	68.76	68.84	0.958	69.69^a	65.43	0.003	74.96	73.91	0.435
West Virginia	68.79^a	65.91	0.028	66.79^a	62.92	0.009	64.11^a	59.46	0.004	69.69	67.16	0.118
Wisconsin	67.67	67.20	0.705	66.40	68.12	0.216	63.14	63.02	0.935	68.60	67.80	0.604
Wyoming	71.30	70.06	0.293	70.51	69.12	0.323	66.13^a	62.63	0.029	72.32	71.50	0.575

101011

Table C.16 *Alcohol Dependence or Abuse in Past Year,* by Age Group and State: 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 NSDUHs
State	12+ (2007-2008)	12+ (2008-2009)	12+ (p value)	12-17 (2007-2008)	12-17 (2008-2009)	12-17 (p value)	18-25 (2007-2008)	18-25 (2008-2009)	18-25 (p value)	26+ (2007-2008)	26+ (2008-2009)	26+ (p value)
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no change. NOTE: Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ^a Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality (formerly the Office of Applied Studies), National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2007, 2008, and 2009.
Total U.S.	7.43	7.37	0.641	5.14^a	4.73	0.002	17.02	16.61	0.180	6.08	6.12	0.801
Northeast	7.08	7.23	0.397	4.82	4.58	0.236	17.28	17.29	0.979	5.66	5.86	0.375
Midwest	8.16^a	7.84	0.044	5.72^a	5.13	0.002	19.00^a	18.22	0.043	6.61	6.40	0.288
South	6.92	6.86	0.688	4.56^a	4.13	0.007	15.36	15.04	0.398	5.80	5.82	0.920
West	7.81	7.86	0.807	5.71	5.40	0.197	17.46	16.97	0.298	6.35	6.54	0.491
Alabama	6.27	6.39	0.784	4.52	4.16	0.439	13.07	13.56	0.611	5.34	5.45	0.829
Alaska	7.73	8.11	0.440	5.58	5.39	0.745	17.36	16.98	0.756	6.25	6.85	0.343
Arizona	7.91	7.74	0.697	6.06	5.45	0.286	17.51	18.20	0.555	6.54	6.27	0.629
Arkansas	6.94	6.74	0.613	5.30	4.90	0.432	16.38	15.53	0.442	5.61	5.54	0.879
California	7.63	7.87	0.452	5.59	5.30	0.439	16.81	16.39	0.539	6.18	6.60	0.311
Colorado	9.15	9.03	0.819	6.91	6.38	0.439	22.54	21.14	0.291	7.19	7.33	0.839
Connecticut	8.16	8.63	0.390	6.24	5.95	0.661	19.31	20.03	0.578	6.66	7.16	0.441
Delaware	7.27	7.90	0.218	4.72	4.90	0.745	17.51	19.03	0.191	5.89	6.41	0.400
District of Columbia	9.52	9.24	0.631	3.29	3.01	0.494	18.91	16.98	0.119	8.05	8.09	0.952
Florida	7.18	6.92	0.436	4.80	4.33	0.171	15.33	14.55	0.240	6.24	6.07	0.667
Georgia	6.38	6.70	0.477	3.83	3.39	0.288	13.58	14.95	0.206	5.51	5.76	0.654
Hawaii	8.29	7.60	0.281	5.65	5.78	0.866	17.65	16.44	0.417	7.11	6.39	0.339
Idaho	7.12	7.10	0.958	5.63	5.15	0.379	16.87	16.23	0.575	5.61	5.77	0.723
Illinois	8.24^a	7.58	0.041	5.17^a	4.34	0.018	18.65	17.60	0.153	6.79	6.20	0.135
Indiana	6.94	6.99	0.893	5.21	4.99	0.666	16.49	16.92	0.669	5.55	5.58	0.943
Iowa	8.28	8.63	0.495	6.27	6.66	0.521	18.48	19.71	0.318	6.72	6.92	0.743
Kansas	8.28	8.05	0.612	6.04	5.68	0.545	20.28	19.42	0.495	6.33	6.24	0.871
Kentucky	5.66	5.95	0.465	4.04	3.80	0.611	13.17	14.12	0.369	4.68	4.94	0.591
Louisiana	7.10	7.01	0.830	4.07	3.64	0.316	14.35	14.88	0.605	6.12	5.96	0.761
Maine	6.90	6.69	0.661	5.10^a	4.05	0.031	17.90	17.48	0.737	5.56	5.48	0.879
Maryland	7.37^b	6.52	0.074	4.49^a	3.38	0.014	16.33^a	13.93	0.031	6.25	5.67	0.309
Massachusetts	8.17	7.41	0.138	5.31	4.73	0.275	19.20	18.81	0.753	6.59	5.71	0.141
Michigan	7.72	7.63	0.785	5.42	4.88	0.123	17.53	16.74	0.287	6.37	6.45	0.848
Minnesota	9.99	9.21	0.158	6.77^b	5.76	0.092	23.43^b	21.10	0.063	8.08	7.61	0.489
Mississippi	6.25	6.20	0.902	3.83	3.63	0.630	14.04	13.06	0.304	5.16	5.30	0.764
Missouri	7.70	7.61	0.838	5.73	5.15	0.273	18.37	17.60	0.473	6.19	6.27	0.876
Montana	9.16	9.86	0.209	7.09	8.23	0.107	23.55	24.71	0.418	6.98	7.57	0.381
Nebraska	8.58	8.45	0.782	6.40	5.66	0.227	19.46	18.99	0.698	6.82	6.82	0.994
Nevada	7.91	7.58	0.464	6.02	5.46	0.314	17.57	16.78	0.483	6.73	6.49	0.658
New Hampshire	7.72	7.51	0.645	5.61	5.12	0.348	20.38	19.27	0.381	6.06	6.00	0.916
New Jersey	6.75	6.57	0.663	4.40	3.70	0.134	16.72	15.79	0.403	5.53	5.50	0.953
New Mexico	7.90	8.68	0.120	5.92	6.67	0.259	18.97	18.81	0.899	6.14	7.07	0.120
New York	7.06^a	7.88	0.007	4.76	5.27	0.157	17.00	18.09	0.150	5.58^a	6.36	0.038
North Carolina	6.85	6.23	0.146	4.23^a	3.38	0.026	16.14	14.56	0.152	5.68	5.24	0.386
North Dakota	9.31^b	8.39	0.057	6.91^a	5.28	0.005	22.14	20.58	0.230	6.71	6.06	0.251
Ohio	7.95	7.63	0.316	5.57	5.15	0.251	18.10	17.80	0.683	6.58	6.27	0.421
Oklahoma	6.99	7.59	0.178	4.73	4.98	0.637	16.88	16.84	0.968	5.48	6.25	0.151
Oregon	7.74	8.50	0.121	5.82	6.33	0.379	17.86	18.65	0.510	6.40	7.18	0.183
Pennsylvania	6.33	6.11	0.432	4.36^a	3.61	0.011	15.95	14.88	0.130	5.00	4.97	0.939
Rhode Island	7.75	8.24	0.317	5.30	4.86	0.367	17.88	18.05	0.888	6.17	6.81	0.277
South Carolina	7.39	7.89	0.369	4.44	4.00	0.359	15.82	16.28	0.685	6.39	6.99	0.361
South Dakota	9.05	9.79	0.154	6.43	6.76	0.623	22.55	23.48	0.492	6.93	7.71	0.222
Tennessee	6.74	6.09	0.120	4.44^a	3.27	0.011	15.88^b	13.95	0.076	5.63	5.22	0.421
Texas	6.88	6.95	0.810	4.87	4.62	0.476	14.83	14.68	0.825	5.68	5.84	0.642
Utah	6.43	6.00	0.315	4.12^b	3.30	0.089	12.65	12.15	0.623	5.23	4.92	0.554
Vermont	7.50	7.83	0.534	5.49	4.93	0.290	19.42	20.05	0.609	5.80	6.16	0.544
Virginia	7.78	8.05	0.579	5.16	5.07	0.850	18.96	19.45	0.686	6.23	6.48	0.672
Washington	7.99^a	7.08	0.026	5.47	4.73	0.160	18.44^a	16.18	0.029	6.63	5.90	0.142
West Virginia	6.35	6.53	0.663	4.64	4.44	0.673	16.21	15.30	0.421	5.11	5.48	0.424
Wisconsin	8.86	8.09	0.102	6.56^b	5.43	0.065	21.95^b	19.67	0.065	6.93	6.46	0.404
Wyoming	8.81	8.49	0.543	7.36	6.88	0.511	19.50	19.45	0.972	7.10	6.75	0.583

101011

Table C.17 *Alcohol Dependence in Past Year,* by Age Group and State: 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 NSDUHs
State	12+ (2007-2008)	12+ (2008-2009)	12+ (p value)	12-17 (2007-2008)	12-17 (2008-2009)	12-17 (p value)	18-25 (2007-2008)	18-25 (2008-2009)	18-25 (p value)	26+ (2007-2008)	26+ (2008-2009)	26+ (p value)
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no change. NOTE: Dependence is based on the definition found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ^a Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality (formerly the Office of Applied Studies), National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2007, 2008, and 2009.
Total U.S.	3.46	3.52	0.486	2.04	1.91	0.171	7.23^b	6.90	0.055	2.99	3.14	0.199
Northeast	3.37	3.47	0.404	1.93	1.94	0.962	7.26	7.33	0.813	2.90	3.01	0.482
Midwest	3.54	3.51	0.792	2.13	1.97	0.143	7.53	7.51	0.941	3.04	3.03	0.915
South	3.35	3.41	0.569	1.92^b	1.72	0.055	6.69^b	6.32	0.076	2.97	3.13	0.230
West	3.62	3.74	0.431	2.21	2.13	0.654	7.75^a	6.89	0.007	3.07^b	3.38	0.093
Alabama	3.09	3.14	0.849	1.98	1.75	0.432	5.81	6.23	0.489	2.78	2.79	0.955
Alaska	3.78	3.86	0.810	2.10	1.81	0.333	7.65	6.78	0.203	3.32	3.61	0.452
Arizona	3.46	3.52	0.823	2.33	2.05	0.420	7.30	7.40	0.895	2.97	3.06	0.781
Arkansas	3.50	3.22	0.286	1.98	1.74	0.430	7.78^b	6.59	0.091	3.00	2.86	0.658
California	3.65	3.82	0.426	2.19	2.17	0.943	7.79^a	6.56	0.010	3.07	3.53	0.101
Colorado	3.74	3.69	0.853	2.30	1.93	0.242	8.70^a	6.89	0.015	3.09	3.37	0.440
Connecticut	3.50	3.48	0.953	2.14	2.08	0.878	7.81	7.24	0.419	2.99	3.06	0.840
Delaware	3.32	3.45	0.650	1.95	1.74	0.453	6.77	6.60	0.786	2.92	3.13	0.538
District of Columbia	4.91	4.62	0.495	1.28	1.23	0.863	9.33^b	7.76	0.051	4.28	4.23	0.929
Florida	3.48	3.58	0.656	2.02	1.74	0.222	6.74	6.13	0.157	3.16	3.41	0.390
Georgia	3.30	3.52	0.470	1.78	1.46	0.225	5.87	6.17	0.636	3.08	3.36	0.470
Hawaii	3.50	3.26	0.442	1.78	2.05	0.500	7.83	7.05	0.363	3.02	2.79	0.556
Idaho	3.15	3.22	0.751	2.23	2.11	0.705	6.89	6.95	0.920	2.61	2.72	0.707
Illinois	3.71	3.66	0.817	1.97	1.69	0.169	8.05	7.92	0.788	3.16	3.15	0.956
Indiana	3.33	3.33	0.991	2.10	2.20	0.755	7.37	7.62	0.712	2.82	2.76	0.863
Iowa	3.45	3.41	0.870	2.39	2.41	0.947	6.66	6.94	0.681	3.01	2.91	0.750
Kansas	3.70	3.40	0.249	2.19	1.99	0.511	8.15	6.99	0.116	3.06	2.91	0.645
Kentucky	3.10	2.97	0.641	1.96	1.72	0.430	6.73	5.90	0.197	2.66	2.67	0.996
Louisiana	3.53	3.53	0.989	1.73	1.50	0.329	6.25	6.28	0.965	3.25	3.28	0.927
Maine	3.33	3.20	0.654	2.01	1.67	0.225	7.86	6.75	0.131	2.84	2.88	0.919
Maryland	3.57	3.50	0.808	1.75	1.62	0.621	7.46^b	6.17	0.057	3.16	3.28	0.750
Massachusetts	3.50	3.62	0.668	2.05	2.04	0.969	7.68	7.92	0.737	2.95	3.04	0.794
Michigan	3.38	3.42	0.822	2.01	1.95	0.767	6.89	6.82	0.862	2.97	3.04	0.777
Minnesota	3.94	4.18	0.465	2.36	2.03	0.324	7.54	7.78	0.748	3.52	3.83	0.441
Mississippi	3.31	3.33	0.921	1.63	1.58	0.844	7.07	6.17	0.158	2.86	3.06	0.535
Missouri	3.16	3.26	0.712	2.09	1.90	0.482	6.51	6.58	0.910	2.74	2.89	0.664
Montana	4.18	4.06	0.691	2.15	2.65	0.193	11.23	10.78	0.663	3.25	3.10	0.708
Nebraska	3.43	3.52	0.722	2.29	2.09	0.513	7.71	7.33	0.597	2.78	2.99	0.504
Nevada	3.45	3.60	0.586	2.35	2.22	0.704	6.49	6.82	0.633	3.14	3.30	0.654
New Hampshire	3.44	3.45	0.963	2.30	2.40	0.754	7.87	8.31	0.569	2.91	2.84	0.833
New Jersey	3.02	3.06	0.875	1.93	1.71	0.450	5.62	5.95	0.606	2.76	2.78	0.948
New Mexico	3.75	4.21	0.169	2.36	2.46	0.793	8.91	8.45	0.576	2.99	3.67	0.101
New York	3.62	3.88	0.244	1.97	2.25	0.212	7.78	8.42	0.229	3.09	3.27	0.519
North Carolina	3.43	3.48	0.862	1.71	1.49	0.375	6.94	6.48	0.491	3.08	3.24	0.667
North Dakota	3.62	3.35	0.334	2.47	2.12	0.311	8.07	7.61	0.545	2.76	2.55	0.545
Ohio	3.54	3.35	0.335	2.08	1.92	0.430	7.70	7.78	0.881	3.04	2.81	0.346
Oklahoma	3.45	3.29	0.539	2.06	1.90	0.573	7.56	7.35	0.770	2.89	2.74	0.647
Oregon	3.56^b	4.24	0.058	2.06	2.24	0.576	7.43	7.79	0.610	3.14^b	3.92	0.074
Pennsylvania	3.05	2.98	0.742	1.69	1.51	0.327	6.94^a	5.99	0.038	2.58	2.67	0.725
Rhode Island	3.75	4.23	0.183	1.99	1.78	0.523	6.96	7.65	0.369	3.38	3.89	0.264
South Carolina	3.61	4.07	0.225	1.99	1.56	0.147	6.47	6.40	0.920	3.36	4.00	0.163
South Dakota	3.58	3.72	0.634	2.00	2.21	0.537	8.98	9.19	0.792	2.80	2.93	0.728
Tennessee	3.25	3.26	0.975	1.89	1.64	0.344	6.95	6.52	0.508	2.86	2.96	0.758
Texas	3.08	3.14	0.744	2.02	1.90	0.600	6.22	5.79	0.283	2.65	2.83	0.457
Utah	3.39	3.21	0.432	1.91	1.78	0.671	6.48	5.78	0.249	2.86	2.81	0.856
Vermont	3.77	3.82	0.882	2.28	1.95	0.296	7.91	7.49	0.562	3.27	3.44	0.707
Virginia	3.53	3.64	0.691	2.08	1.91	0.532	7.67	7.85	0.790	3.02	3.13	0.727
Washington	3.74	3.49	0.328	2.31	2.06	0.441	7.88	7.37	0.476	3.26	3.04	0.490
West Virginia	3.25	3.32	0.808	2.08	2.04	0.907	7.28	6.62	0.332	2.79	2.98	0.585
Wisconsin	3.73	3.64	0.764	2.45	2.14	0.360	8.08	8.21	0.865	3.15	3.05	0.787
Wyoming	3.45	3.48	0.897	2.71	2.51	0.579	6.70^b	7.95	0.092	2.96	2.81	0.665

101011

Table C.18 *Illicit Drug Dependence or Abuse in Past Year,* by Age Group and State: 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 NSDUHs
State	12+ (2007-2008)	12+ (2008-2009)	12+ (p value)	12-17 (2007-2008)	12-17 (2008-2009)	12-17 (p value)	18-25 (2007-2008)	18-25 (2008-2009)	18-25 (p value)	26+ (2007-2008)	26+ (2008-2009)	26+ (p value)
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no change. NOTE: Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically; these estimates are based on data from original questions, excluding those on the use of over-the-counter drugs or new methamphetamine items that were added in 2005 and 2006. See Section B.4.8 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2008 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings. NOTE: Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ^a Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality (formerly the Office of Applied Studies), National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2007, 2008, and 2009.
Total U.S.	2.78	2.81	0.668	4.47	4.46	0.915	7.85	7.72	0.457	1.69	1.75	0.423
Northeast	2.79^b	2.96	0.078	4.15	4.26	0.585	8.63	8.78	0.644	1.64	1.82	0.124
Midwest	2.67	2.64	0.643	4.64	4.56	0.630	7.46	7.27	0.420	1.59	1.59	0.980
South	2.81	2.75	0.545	4.31	4.20	0.492	7.59	7.26	0.140	1.80	1.81	0.961
West	2.84	2.94	0.319	4.81	4.91	0.667	8.00	8.00	0.993	1.64	1.76	0.320
Alabama	3.07	2.76	0.174	4.18	4.22	0.932	7.88	7.21	0.334	2.11	1.82	0.295
Alaska	2.93	2.96	0.896	4.81	4.37	0.384	7.88	7.62	0.744	1.71	1.87	0.468
Arizona	3.13	2.98	0.528	4.72	4.51	0.686	8.79	8.54	0.756	1.95	1.84	0.674
Arkansas	2.94	2.86	0.724	4.70	4.66	0.938	7.71	7.16	0.448	1.93	1.93	0.992
California	2.66^b	2.94	0.056	4.64	4.99	0.351	7.64	7.80	0.744	1.43^b	1.72	0.097
Colorado	3.39^b	2.96	0.064	5.39	5.62	0.711	9.61	8.49	0.188	2.11	1.71	0.152
Connecticut	2.88	2.92	0.835	4.34	4.38	0.929	9.28	9.11	0.846	1.69	1.76	0.744
Delaware	3.06	2.87	0.426	4.62	4.66	0.944	9.14	8.76	0.660	1.85	1.68	0.500
District of Columbia	4.49	4.38	0.814	3.78	3.83	0.919	9.97	8.72	0.173	3.34	3.46	0.828
Florida	2.68	2.73	0.767	4.29	4.27	0.954	7.58	7.22	0.456	1.78	1.90	0.568
Georgia	3.03^a	2.56	0.035	3.91	3.83	0.853	8.05	6.93	0.110	2.05	1.65	0.122
Hawaii	2.52	2.90	0.137	4.89	3.96	0.163	6.77	7.49	0.427	1.57	2.05	0.106
Idaho	2.78	3.02	0.243	5.05	5.09	0.932	7.63	7.74	0.876	1.59	1.89	0.191
Illinois	2.40^b	2.62	0.093	4.20	4.48	0.405	6.61	7.08	0.316	1.41	1.57	0.283
Indiana	3.09	3.04	0.819	5.50	5.12	0.488	8.43	7.88	0.444	1.87	1.96	0.740
Iowa	1.69	1.89	0.188	3.60	4.10	0.325	4.90	5.37	0.441	0.87	1.00	0.401
Kansas	2.08	2.28	0.219	4.40	4.01	0.420	5.60	6.47	0.210	1.10	1.27	0.320
Kentucky	3.43	3.22	0.362	4.58	4.23	0.485	9.75	9.19	0.528	2.30	2.17	0.622
Louisiana	2.85	2.90	0.842	3.75	3.72	0.949	7.28	7.59	0.681	1.87	1.88	0.964
Maine	2.91	2.87	0.866	4.60	4.43	0.742	10.03	9.77	0.784	1.72	1.74	0.929
Maryland	2.78	2.81	0.917	3.82	3.87	0.911	7.57	7.62	0.950	1.85	1.86	0.969
Massachusetts	3.09	3.48	0.142	4.29	4.42	0.797	10.29	9.83	0.645	1.70^b	2.24	0.070
Michigan	2.94	2.97	0.848	4.77	4.66	0.732	8.25	8.15	0.836	1.79	1.87	0.663
Minnesota	2.78^a	2.37	0.021	4.69	4.31	0.414	8.04^a	6.63	0.043	1.63	1.40	0.257
Mississippi	2.38	2.55	0.386	3.35	3.88	0.280	6.66	6.89	0.730	1.45	1.56	0.611
Missouri	2.78	2.50	0.134	4.75	4.37	0.430	7.96	7.37	0.411	1.66	1.47	0.360
Montana	2.87	2.71	0.372	4.56	4.49	0.887	8.82	8.01	0.319	1.65	1.61	0.822
Nebraska	2.10	2.06	0.797	4.34	4.49	0.766	5.81	5.41	0.509	1.11	1.11	0.994
Nevada	3.23	3.45	0.435	5.42	5.01	0.462	8.70	8.89	0.827	2.14	2.44	0.355
New Hampshire	2.97	3.37	0.133	5.08	5.30	0.703	8.81	10.01	0.236	1.82	2.12	0.318
New Jersey	2.36	2.51	0.394	4.19	4.11	0.857	7.34	7.26	0.918	1.37	1.57	0.291
New Mexico	3.38	3.07	0.241	5.89	5.97	0.902	9.14	8.39	0.430	1.98	1.71	0.362
New York	3.11	3.14	0.889	4.17	4.30	0.693	9.10	9.64	0.335	1.92	1.82	0.621
North Carolina	2.43	2.50	0.689	4.01	4.20	0.639	7.16	6.89	0.701	1.47	1.58	0.602
North Dakota	2.06	2.23	0.318	4.04	4.28	0.642	5.62	6.18	0.360	1.00	1.09	0.597
Ohio	3.02	2.79	0.126	5.04	4.63	0.210	8.65	7.95	0.165	1.83	1.71	0.518
Oklahoma	2.66^b	3.06	0.064	4.30	4.74	0.436	6.86	7.48	0.418	1.67	2.04	0.143
Oregon	3.43	3.43	0.992	4.98	4.83	0.770	9.65	9.54	0.892	2.29	2.32	0.911
Pennsylvania	2.23^a	2.59	0.017	3.73	4.01	0.361	7.04	7.17	0.771	1.26^a	1.67	0.020
Rhode Island	4.41	4.15	0.499	4.93	4.79	0.801	12.50	10.83	0.178	2.85	2.82	0.942
South Carolina	3.11	3.00	0.676	4.57	4.05	0.229	7.95	7.00	0.173	2.13	2.21	0.807
South Dakota	2.26^b	2.61	0.052	4.43	4.96	0.338	6.67	7.08	0.538	1.17^b	1.50	0.085
Tennessee	2.86^a	2.35	0.009	4.17	3.72	0.274	8.25^a	6.28	0.004	1.87	1.58	0.194
Texas	2.71	2.75	0.764	4.78	4.44	0.346	6.85	7.05	0.653	1.61	1.69	0.640
Utah	3.02	2.95	0.715	5.02	4.55	0.378	7.02	7.42	0.600	1.65	1.56	0.631
Vermont	2.80	3.05	0.244	4.55	4.10	0.342	9.47	10.03	0.529	1.50	1.79	0.238
Virginia	2.85	2.78	0.753	4.44	4.34	0.840	8.38	7.76	0.454	1.71	1.75	0.879
Washington	2.52	2.48	0.794	4.68	4.48	0.700	7.50	7.71	0.789	1.45	1.39	0.735
West Virginia	2.84	3.18	0.144	4.32	4.07	0.596	8.06	8.48	0.594	1.92	2.32	0.145
Wisconsin	2.55	2.50	0.775	4.33	4.74	0.468	6.94	7.00	0.929	1.58	1.46	0.585
Wyoming	2.39	2.34	0.772	4.56	4.90	0.525	6.90	6.55	0.629	1.31	1.27	0.846

101011

Table C.19 *Illicit Drug Dependence in Past Year,* by Age Group and State: 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 NSDUHs
State	12+ (2007-2008)	12+ (2008-2009)	12+ (p value)	12-17 (2007-2008)	12-17 (2008-2009)	12-17 (p value)	18-25 (2007-2008)	18-25 (2008-2009)	18-25 (p value)	26+ (2007-2008)	26+ (2008-2009)	26+ (p value)
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no change. NOTE: Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically; these estimates are based on data from original questions, excluding those on the use of over-the-counter drugs or new methamphetamine items that were added in 2005 and 2006. See Section B.4.8 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2008 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings. NOTE: Dependence is based on the definition found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ^a Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality (formerly the Office of Applied Studies), National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2007, 2008, and 2009.
Total U.S.	1.92	1.94	0.700	2.43	2.45	0.832	5.53	5.50	0.815	1.23	1.26	0.652
Northeast	1.96^a	2.19	0.010	2.34	2.48	0.303	6.03^b	6.52	0.068	1.23^b	1.42	0.074
Midwest	1.85	1.82	0.604	2.55	2.45	0.395	5.30	5.13	0.363	1.16	1.16	0.997
South	1.91	1.83	0.300	2.29	2.24	0.688	5.35	5.05	0.111	1.28	1.24	0.638
West	1.97	2.04	0.416	2.58	2.73	0.368	5.65	5.74	0.759	1.22	1.27	0.587
Alabama	1.91	1.94	0.873	2.31	2.27	0.911	5.31	5.31	0.999	1.29	1.32	0.841
Alaska	2.07	1.91	0.357	2.75	2.32	0.205	5.61	5.20	0.517	1.29	1.23	0.735
Arizona	1.98	2.07	0.590	2.51	2.54	0.919	5.84	6.39	0.376	1.25	1.27	0.918
Arkansas	2.02	2.03	0.922	2.55	2.52	0.932	5.32	5.11	0.722	1.41	1.47	0.754
California	1.92	2.05	0.318	2.42	2.70	0.246	5.67	5.70	0.960	1.14	1.25	0.426
Colorado	2.10	1.88	0.226	2.87	3.06	0.660	5.78	5.38	0.513	1.39	1.15	0.263
Connecticut	1.95	1.89	0.683	2.53	2.52	0.978	6.19	5.90	0.650	1.21	1.17	0.828
Delaware	2.09	2.01	0.628	2.46	2.43	0.938	6.15	6.42	0.683	1.37	1.22	0.447
District of Columbia	3.05	3.02	0.940	1.97	2.02	0.879	7.02	6.43	0.392	2.27	2.35	0.840
Florida	1.83	1.78	0.718	2.27	2.15	0.601	5.32	5.00	0.417	1.26	1.26	0.997
Georgia	2.03^a	1.64	0.011	2.13	2.03	0.718	5.27^b	4.35	0.059	1.47^b	1.12	0.079
Hawaii	1.67	1.86	0.383	2.84	2.38	0.244	4.58	4.82	0.710	1.08	1.32	0.305
Idaho	1.89	2.17	0.104	3.00	3.17	0.662	5.28	5.39	0.856	1.13^b	1.47	0.081
Illinois	1.72	1.75	0.840	2.41	2.13	0.269	4.78	4.91	0.729	1.08	1.12	0.762
Indiana	2.04	2.11	0.711	2.84	2.79	0.897	5.67	5.67	0.997	1.32	1.42	0.656
Iowa	1.32	1.25	0.588	2.16	2.34	0.612	3.88	3.43	0.316	0.76	0.73	0.833
Kansas	1.56	1.52	0.803	2.48	2.23	0.446	4.18	4.31	0.797	0.94	0.91	0.844
Kentucky	2.26	2.35	0.634	2.56	2.34	0.520	6.52	7.11	0.406	1.55	1.60	0.814
Louisiana	2.13	2.18	0.784	2.08	2.11	0.898	5.63	5.83	0.766	1.45	1.49	0.880
Maine	1.95	2.14	0.278	2.55	2.50	0.901	6.73	7.51	0.328	1.22	1.36	0.466
Maryland	1.95	1.98	0.866	1.96	2.10	0.581	5.12	5.51	0.552	1.42	1.37	0.839
Massachusetts	2.14^b	2.51	0.081	2.54	2.65	0.768	6.68	6.96	0.718	1.31^b	1.70	0.096
Michigan	1.99	2.05	0.635	2.72	2.68	0.878	5.65	5.85	0.630	1.27	1.32	0.728
Minnesota	1.84^a	1.54	0.020	2.71	2.24	0.144	5.56^a	4.48	0.026	1.08	0.95	0.362
Mississippi	1.69	1.72	0.862	1.98	2.15	0.528	4.67	4.77	0.854	1.10	1.09	0.966
Missouri	1.89	1.84	0.701	2.68	2.61	0.822	5.50	5.52	0.964	1.20	1.13	0.709
Montana	1.91	1.88	0.833	2.40	2.38	0.952	5.63	5.40	0.676	1.22	1.23	0.961
Nebraska	1.58	1.42	0.296	2.49	2.63	0.704	4.34	3.62	0.121	0.94	0.85	0.584
Nevada	1.94	2.11	0.350	2.81	2.98	0.640	5.83	5.86	0.964	1.25	1.44	0.365
New Hampshire	2.14	2.48	0.138	2.90	3.20	0.451	6.19	7.00	0.268	1.43	1.70	0.299
New Jersey	1.63^a	1.94	0.038	2.28	2.43	0.568	4.95	5.66	0.221	1.04	1.31	0.124
New Mexico	2.26	2.09	0.410	3.38	3.14	0.625	6.18	6.01	0.804	1.39	1.23	0.514
New York	2.23	2.37	0.317	2.27	2.51	0.277	6.66	7.32	0.156	1.44	1.46	0.884
North Carolina	1.75	1.65	0.460	2.33	2.33	0.984	5.20	4.80	0.440	1.12	1.06	0.682
North Dakota	1.42	1.46	0.755	2.22	2.32	0.772	3.92	4.08	0.736	0.75	0.77	0.881
Ohio	2.04	2.03	0.927	2.48	2.38	0.667	6.20	5.81	0.343	1.29	1.36	0.618
Oklahoma	1.84	1.93	0.587	2.43	2.67	0.483	5.00	4.84	0.774	1.18	1.31	0.532
Oregon	2.48	2.65	0.498	2.89	2.95	0.868	6.79	7.25	0.562	1.77	1.90	0.640
Pennsylvania	1.57^a	1.90	0.010	2.21	2.26	0.808	4.97	5.36	0.305	0.93^a	1.29	0.018
Rhode Island	3.03	3.00	0.918	2.85	2.72	0.753	8.37	7.87	0.606	2.06	2.12	0.856
South Carolina	1.81	1.80	0.975	2.15	1.94	0.456	5.04	4.76	0.592	1.24	1.30	0.755
South Dakota	1.50	1.62	0.396	2.24	2.38	0.658	4.66	4.65	0.976	0.83	0.97	0.350
Tennessee	1.96^a	1.46	0.001	2.32	2.07	0.368	5.88^a	4.06	0.001	1.31^b	0.99	0.054
Texas	1.84	1.81	0.834	2.35	2.32	0.868	5.05	4.99	0.873	1.15	1.14	0.939
Utah	1.96	1.79	0.240	2.49	2.30	0.595	4.96	4.72	0.675	1.10	0.97	0.387
Vermont	1.85	2.08	0.157	2.31	2.26	0.868	6.13	6.75	0.362	1.09	1.30	0.271
Virginia	1.94	1.82	0.448	2.41	2.45	0.904	5.85	4.93	0.104	1.22	1.21	0.968
Washington	1.82	1.86	0.793	2.84	2.76	0.832	5.13	5.73	0.356	1.16	1.13	0.879
West Virginia	2.13	2.43	0.135	2.57	2.47	0.768	6.22	6.64	0.537	1.49	1.82	0.170
Wisconsin	1.88	1.67	0.249	2.46	2.66	0.566	5.23	4.75	0.357	1.24	1.03	0.322
Wyoming	1.63	1.45	0.229	2.65	2.78	0.754	4.66	4.02	0.199	0.96	0.83	0.450

101011

Table C.20 *Dependence on or Abuse of Illicit Drugs or Alcohol in Past Year,* by Age Group and State: 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 NSDUHs
State	12+ (2007-2008)	12+ (2008-2009)	12+ (p value)	12-17 (2007-2008)	12-17 (2008-2009)	12-17 (p value)	18-25 (2007-2008)	18-25 (2008-2009)	18-25 (p value)	26+ (2007-2008)	26+ (2008-2009)	26+ (p value)
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no change. NOTE: Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically; these estimates are based on data from original questions, excluding those on the use of over-the-counter drugs or new methamphetamine items that were added in 2005 and 2006. See Section B.4.8 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2008 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings. NOTE: Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ^a Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality (formerly the Office of Applied Studies), National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2007, 2008, and 2009.
Total U.S.	8.95	8.92	0.835	7.65^a	7.33	0.042	20.73	20.36	0.208	7.10	7.15	0.738
Northeast	8.65	8.90	0.205	7.19	7.20	0.986	21.43	21.58	0.768	6.69	6.97	0.270
Midwest	9.57^a	9.21	0.039	8.20^a	7.63	0.010	22.37^a	21.48	0.023	7.54	7.30	0.284
South	8.50	8.44	0.686	7.07^a	6.62	0.028	19.14	18.80	0.395	6.90	6.92	0.924
West	9.30	9.43	0.561	8.37	8.25	0.707	21.06	20.74	0.534	7.30	7.54	0.430
Alabama	7.87	8.10	0.608	7.05	6.94	0.849	16.67	17.50	0.436	6.48	6.66	0.749
Alaska	9.37	9.52	0.770	8.26	7.31	0.142	21.41	20.33	0.442	7.29	7.82	0.391
Arizona	9.56	9.23	0.506	8.78	7.91	0.206	21.80	22.30	0.707	7.59	7.19	0.511
Arkansas	8.63	8.26	0.393	7.86	7.57	0.654	20.13	19.02	0.355	6.85	6.60	0.633
California	8.95	9.48	0.121	8.08	8.17	0.851	20.33	20.20	0.859	6.92	7.61	0.117
Colorado	10.94	10.45	0.389	9.66	9.83	0.848	26.09	24.59	0.281	8.57	8.17	0.562
Connecticut	9.43	9.80	0.498	8.41	7.82	0.402	23.02	23.67	0.641	7.42	7.85	0.515
Delaware	9.10	9.61	0.331	7.08	7.68	0.360	22.71	23.62	0.504	7.10	7.52	0.491
District of Columbia	11.63	11.33	0.655	5.55	5.49	0.922	23.78^b	21.25	0.068	9.53	9.65	0.879
Florida	8.64	8.49	0.655	7.32	6.97	0.413	18.75	17.99	0.282	7.31	7.25	0.897
Georgia	8.39	8.55	0.732	6.47	5.83	0.238	18.61	20.11	0.247	6.91	6.96	0.940
Hawaii	9.65	8.99	0.321	8.75	8.07	0.497	20.41	19.76	0.672	8.05	7.38	0.388
Idaho	8.59	8.83	0.587	8.28	8.15	0.846	20.32	19.84	0.691	6.55	6.98	0.413
Illinois	9.45	9.04	0.237	7.44	7.07	0.414	21.78	21.00	0.340	7.51	7.14	0.382
Indiana	8.54	8.47	0.889	8.13	7.71	0.533	20.19	20.04	0.903	6.61	6.63	0.983
Iowa	9.09	9.27	0.717	8.10	8.23	0.846	20.38	21.32	0.426	7.21	7.28	0.911
Kansas	9.44	9.04	0.387	8.18	7.66	0.432	22.31	21.08	0.330	7.19	6.98	0.717
Kentucky	7.93	7.92	0.991	6.92	6.19	0.202	18.67	19.14	0.684	6.37	6.38	0.982
Louisiana	8.57	8.71	0.768	6.04	5.70	0.509	17.59	19.31	0.155	7.17	7.08	0.863
Maine	8.65	8.35	0.535	7.92	6.89	0.123	22.46	21.69	0.570	6.80	6.66	0.795
Maryland	8.91	8.12	0.110	6.85	5.89	0.105	19.02	17.33	0.170	7.49	6.84	0.288
Massachusetts	9.98	9.66	0.566	7.81	7.49	0.640	24.29	23.89	0.772	7.76	7.39	0.583
Michigan	9.45	9.38	0.832	8.34	7.76	0.202	21.66	20.72	0.209	7.53	7.66	0.763
Minnesota	10.91	10.15	0.151	8.88^b	7.71	0.092	25.76^b	23.33	0.051	8.60	8.21	0.548
Mississippi	7.53	7.51	0.966	5.69	5.89	0.725	17.85	16.45	0.204	5.89	6.10	0.703
Missouri	9.40	8.95	0.334	8.01	7.27	0.236	23.03	21.20	0.133	7.33	7.15	0.753
Montana	10.14	10.70	0.300	9.14	10.52	0.104	25.46	26.88	0.326	7.68	8.02	0.597
Nebraska	9.58	9.43	0.738	8.22	7.64	0.357	21.72	21.06	0.593	7.48	7.47	0.984
Nevada	9.54	9.54	0.992	8.98	8.78	0.783	21.42	20.89	0.684	7.85	7.95	0.867
New Hampshire	9.69	9.72	0.954	8.64	8.83	0.795	24.55	24.82	0.840	7.55	7.51	0.955
New Jersey	8.00	8.06	0.896	6.61	6.41	0.723	20.23	19.53	0.571	6.31	6.49	0.736
New Mexico	9.99	10.34	0.532	9.45	10.43	0.254	22.73	22.10	0.617	7.72	8.17	0.523
New York	8.82^a	9.53	0.035	7.22	7.91	0.111	21.44^b	22.94	0.066	6.78	7.31	0.194
North Carolina	8.04	7.68	0.390	6.57	6.00	0.271	19.26^b	17.36	0.096	6.42	6.32	0.842
North Dakota	10.39	9.67	0.168	9.13	8.05	0.112	24.10	23.14	0.477	7.44	6.85	0.339
Ohio	9.63^b	9.06	0.077	8.40^a	7.45	0.023	22.13	21.49	0.411	7.73	7.23	0.223
Oklahoma	8.42^b	9.26	0.085	6.92	7.52	0.344	20.39	20.25	0.916	6.43^b	7.49	0.073
Oregon	9.89	10.13	0.667	9.00	9.17	0.819	21.80	22.30	0.704	8.16	8.36	0.766
Pennsylvania	7.63	7.68	0.871	6.50	6.09	0.322	19.42^b	18.15	0.085	5.84	6.16	0.423
Rhode Island	10.38	10.48	0.861	8.44	8.05	0.587	24.11	22.61	0.308	8.07	8.50	0.540
South Carolina	8.94	9.29	0.528	6.82	6.18	0.275	19.67	19.10	0.643	7.45	8.07	0.367
South Dakota	10.02	10.87	0.104	8.61	9.41	0.293	24.82	25.78	0.479	7.50	8.37	0.176
Tennessee	8.35	7.57	0.111	6.78^a	5.30	0.009	20.16^a	17.51	0.031	6.73	6.32	0.480
Texas	8.48	8.48	0.997	7.64	7.25	0.369	18.26	18.49	0.761	6.75	6.77	0.949
Utah	8.47	7.90	0.196	7.30^a	6.06	0.047	16.61	16.37	0.832	6.59	6.09	0.377
Vermont	9.18	9.38	0.689	8.36	7.40	0.135	23.61	24.79	0.378	6.93	7.09	0.788
Virginia	9.36	9.41	0.919	7.74	7.31	0.499	23.59	23.04	0.694	7.16	7.35	0.746
Washington	9.29^b	8.48	0.064	8.01	7.34	0.294	21.85	20.12	0.158	7.44	6.75	0.189
West Virginia	8.05	8.26	0.631	7.02	6.72	0.621	20.26	19.51	0.548	6.39	6.81	0.433
Wisconsin	10.21	9.54	0.191	8.81	8.73	0.913	24.72	23.62	0.409	7.93	7.27	0.294
Wyoming	10.10	9.29	0.108	9.89	9.25	0.410	22.20	21.25	0.457	7.98	7.17	0.193

101011

Table C.21 *Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use in Past Year,* by Age Group and State: 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 NSDUHs
State	12+ (2007-2008)	12+ (2008-2009)	12+ (p value)	12-17 (2007-2008)	12-17 (2008-2009)	12-17 (p value)	18-25 (2007-2008)	18-25 (2008-2009)	18-25 (p value)	26+ (2007-2008)	26+ (2008-2009)	26+ (p value)
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no change. NOTE: Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), inhalants, hallucinogens, heroin, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically; these estimates are based on data from original questions, excluding those on the use of over-the-counter drugs or new methamphetamine items that were added in 2005 and 2006. See Section B.4.8 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2008 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ^a Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality (formerly the Office of Applied Studies), National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2007, 2008, and 2009.
Total U.S.	2.52	2.53	0.826	4.18	4.17	0.933	7.32	7.09	0.156	1.47	1.53	0.423
Northeast	2.45	2.57	0.174	3.87	3.97	0.594	7.91	7.87	0.887	1.37	1.51	0.153
Midwest	2.36	2.39	0.721	4.24	4.20	0.786	6.97	6.77	0.364	1.32	1.40	0.320
South	2.54	2.48	0.443	4.05	3.95	0.545	7.05	6.69	0.115	1.59	1.58	0.968
West	2.68	2.71	0.749	4.55	4.62	0.765	7.61	7.40	0.508	1.53	1.61	0.553
Alabama	2.64	2.47	0.417	3.56	3.84	0.493	7.34	6.80	0.409	1.72	1.56	0.503
Alaska	2.73	2.90	0.502	4.45	4.12	0.461	7.24	6.93	0.693	1.61	1.96	0.231
Arizona	2.95	2.70	0.314	4.59	4.32	0.612	7.98	7.73	0.753	1.88	1.63	0.373
Arkansas	2.58	2.65	0.750	4.50	4.47	0.960	7.16	6.86	0.685	1.59	1.73	0.537
California	2.56	2.76	0.175	4.42	4.75	0.353	7.50	7.36	0.777	1.35	1.61	0.158
Colorado	3.26^a	2.75	0.047	5.22	5.31	0.879	9.15	8.17	0.251	2.03^b	1.53	0.081
Connecticut	2.49	2.55	0.772	3.92	4.06	0.762	8.16	7.86	0.724	1.42	1.53	0.634
Delaware	2.86	2.63	0.342	4.23	4.33	0.833	8.45	7.99	0.565	1.75	1.53	0.408
District of Columbia	3.73	3.32	0.150	3.77	3.69	0.848	9.42^b	7.95	0.074	2.46	2.24	0.503
Florida	2.53	2.47	0.783	4.08	4.08	0.991	7.04	6.70	0.443	1.69	1.67	0.950
Georgia	2.78^a	2.37	0.040	3.75	3.60	0.735	7.66^b	6.48	0.083	1.81	1.50	0.169
Hawaii	2.45	2.62	0.534	4.47	3.62	0.149	6.16	6.62	0.591	1.63	1.86	0.458
Idaho	2.70	2.82	0.566	4.64	4.72	0.862	7.19	7.29	0.896	1.61	1.77	0.537
Illinois	2.13^b	2.36	0.052	3.88	4.11	0.501	6.20	6.74	0.246	1.16	1.34	0.165
Indiana	2.71	2.66	0.828	5.10	4.65	0.389	7.83	7.25	0.421	1.52	1.62	0.657
Iowa	1.54^b	1.83	0.064	3.04	3.80	0.141	4.52	5.08	0.328	0.81	1.01	0.210
Kansas	1.81	2.06	0.122	3.72	3.59	0.771	5.23	6.08	0.207	0.90	1.10	0.181
Kentucky	2.82	2.90	0.738	4.23	3.94	0.533	8.22	8.28	0.939	1.80	1.93	0.612
Louisiana	2.57	2.60	0.890	3.42	3.51	0.832	6.66	6.88	0.761	1.65	1.65	0.994
Maine	2.71	2.72	0.979	4.31	4.15	0.734	9.29	8.92	0.701	1.61	1.70	0.726
Maryland	2.48	2.38	0.660	3.48	3.57	0.829	6.90	6.79	0.898	1.61	1.48	0.592
Massachusetts	2.67	3.02	0.145	4.03	4.24	0.672	9.59	9.02	0.540	1.30^b	1.81	0.056
Michigan	2.52	2.63	0.408	4.51	4.46	0.881	7.67	7.33	0.446	1.38	1.60	0.177
Minnesota	2.33	2.18	0.404	3.82	3.76	0.892	6.93	6.07	0.185	1.34	1.32	0.936
Mississippi	1.96^b	2.32	0.067	2.98	3.53	0.193	6.02	6.44	0.527	1.06	1.39	0.114
Missouri	2.55	2.34	0.269	4.32	3.98	0.434	7.61	6.82	0.257	1.49	1.39	0.672
Montana	2.73	2.47	0.207	4.14	4.25	0.823	8.26	7.20	0.167	1.61	1.46	0.486
Nebraska	2.02	1.90	0.509	3.94	4.13	0.713	5.47	4.97	0.368	1.11	1.03	0.662
Nevada	3.10	3.06	0.892	5.33	4.78	0.304	8.37	8.40	0.973	2.04	2.05	0.956
New Hampshire	2.81	3.03	0.400	4.95	5.12	0.759	8.34	9.23	0.338	1.70	1.83	0.641
New Jersey	2.07	2.11	0.807	3.91	3.88	0.957	6.75	6.46	0.653	1.13	1.22	0.578
New Mexico	3.38^b	2.89	0.067	5.97	5.66	0.650	8.79	8.00	0.351	2.03	1.58	0.138
New York	2.76	2.80	0.813	3.98	3.95	0.936	8.36	8.74	0.478	1.62	1.59	0.867
North Carolina	2.22	2.26	0.820	3.64	3.91	0.507	6.70	6.22	0.458	1.32	1.42	0.649
North Dakota	1.79	2.06	0.135	3.31	3.72	0.373	4.95	5.69	0.216	0.88	1.04	0.351
Ohio	2.75	2.59	0.234	4.87	4.34	0.112	8.36	7.58	0.122	1.55	1.55	0.973
Oklahoma	2.43	2.74	0.148	3.90	4.40	0.358	6.28	6.55	0.684	1.52	1.83	0.209
Oregon	2.96	2.99	0.928	4.71	4.37	0.470	8.88	8.23	0.440	1.84	2.02	0.542
Pennsylvania	1.91^b	2.15	0.068	3.31	3.69	0.214	6.33	6.20	0.757	1.02^b	1.30	0.052
Rhode Island	3.93	3.49	0.195	4.91	4.57	0.557	12.04^b	9.82	0.055	2.30	2.17	0.742
South Carolina	2.73	2.53	0.445	4.41	3.87	0.229	7.33	6.29	0.121	1.77	1.75	0.968
South Dakota	1.95^b	2.29	0.060	3.55	4.30	0.135	5.93	6.42	0.428	1.01	1.29	0.144
Tennessee	2.45	2.15	0.112	3.86	3.49	0.354	7.43^a	5.79	0.010	1.52	1.43	0.705
Texas	2.56	2.55	0.938	4.63	4.22	0.241	6.60	6.68	0.863	1.49	1.52	0.797
Utah	2.64	2.47	0.427	4.55	4.13	0.409	5.86	6.11	0.702	1.49	1.28	0.334
Vermont	2.56	2.81	0.251	4.15	3.89	0.563	8.59	8.87	0.728	1.39	1.70	0.198
Virginia	2.58	2.45	0.501	4.14	4.07	0.891	7.67	6.99	0.361	1.53	1.48	0.813
Washington	2.22	2.25	0.864	4.07	3.94	0.776	6.80	6.84	0.957	1.25	1.30	0.784
West Virginia	2.49	2.84	0.129	4.08	3.94	0.763	7.40	7.62	0.772	1.61^b	2.04	0.099
Wisconsin	2.20	2.20	0.991	3.82	4.33	0.342	6.38	6.38	0.999	1.28	1.23	0.787
Wyoming	2.26	2.14	0.522	4.19	4.31	0.819	6.51	6.15	0.591	1.25	1.16	0.630

101011

Table C.22 *Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use in Past Year,* by Age Group and State: 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 NSDUHs
State	12+ (2007-2008)	12+ (2008-2009)	12+ (p value)	12-17 (2007-2008)	12-17 (2008-2009)	12-17 (p value)	18-25 (2007-2008)	18-25 (2008-2009)	18-25 (p value)	26+ (2007-2008)	26+ (2008-2009)	26+ (p value)
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no change. NOTE: Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ^a Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality (formerly the Office of Applied Studies), National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2007, 2008, and 2009.
Total U.S.	7.06	6.98	0.500	4.96^a	4.54	0.002	16.41^a	15.92	0.042	5.72	5.75	0.883
Northeast	6.70	6.81	0.534	4.67	4.45	0.274	16.62	16.56	0.889	5.30	5.45	0.477
Midwest	7.71^a	7.36	0.024	5.43^a	4.90	0.004	18.18^a	17.28	0.012	6.21	5.96	0.220
South	6.63	6.55	0.611	4.46^a	4.05	0.012	14.87	14.51	0.274	5.53	5.53	0.974
West	7.39	7.41	0.894	5.49^b	5.04	0.094	16.93	16.30	0.180	5.92	6.12	0.457
Alabama	5.86	6.09	0.554	4.32	4.17	0.745	12.45	13.06	0.518	4.94	5.16	0.646
Alaska	7.10	7.37	0.545	5.13	4.87	0.600	16.59	15.96	0.593	5.62	6.12	0.372
Arizona	7.64	7.28	0.414	5.84	5.11	0.200	17.06	17.55	0.671	6.28	5.83	0.380
Arkansas	6.57	6.39	0.655	5.19	4.80	0.459	15.17	14.43	0.471	5.34	5.28	0.900
California	7.22	7.50	0.376	5.46	4.93	0.198	16.39	15.85	0.439	5.74	6.26	0.184
Colorado	8.60	8.34	0.614	6.49	5.99	0.438	21.95	20.32	0.190	6.63	6.63	0.993
Connecticut	7.78	8.31	0.317	6.04	5.75	0.632	18.46	19.49	0.393	6.32	6.86	0.392
Delaware	6.85	7.31	0.332	4.58	4.74	0.747	16.77	17.89	0.342	5.49	5.86	0.506
District of Columbia	8.96	8.58	0.461	3.30	3.25	0.926	18.52	16.61	0.116	7.40	7.28	0.849
Florida	6.90	6.64	0.400	4.68	4.30	0.246	14.72	14.12	0.365	6.00	5.79	0.583
Georgia	6.14	6.46	0.400	3.75	3.39	0.341	13.66	14.71	0.287	5.19	5.48	0.545
Hawaii	8.00	7.32	0.294	5.19	5.39	0.787	17.61	16.35	0.388	6.81	6.10	0.359
Idaho	6.64	6.66	0.954	5.18	4.71	0.351	15.87	15.51	0.740	5.21	5.39	0.715
Illinois	8.01^a	7.23	0.016	5.02^a	4.16	0.012	18.53^b	17.08	0.055	6.53^b	5.85	0.091
Indiana	6.22	6.45	0.565	4.83	4.51	0.497	15.29	15.89	0.557	4.86	5.11	0.618
Iowa	7.88	8.03	0.766	5.93	6.23	0.637	17.83	18.16	0.765	6.36	6.46	0.861
Kansas	7.87	7.58	0.504	5.41	5.30	0.848	19.91	18.31	0.201	5.95	5.88	0.901
Kentucky	5.32	5.70	0.300	3.96	3.83	0.751	11.96	13.29	0.156	4.44	4.74	0.505
Louisiana	6.93	6.81	0.771	4.08	3.69	0.355	14.01	14.45	0.669	5.95	5.76	0.723
Maine	6.50	6.41	0.809	5.02^b	4.13	0.074	17.03	16.68	0.751	5.20	5.23	0.955
Maryland	7.00^a	6.11	0.036	4.41^a	3.39	0.024	16.12^a	13.55	0.027	5.82	5.19	0.215
Massachusetts	7.75	6.98	0.108	5.09	4.57	0.352	18.80	18.42	0.771	6.16^b	5.23	0.090
Michigan	7.32	7.10	0.474	5.26	4.77	0.159	16.80	15.76	0.132	5.99	5.93	0.886
Minnesota	9.38	8.75	0.238	6.29	5.55	0.244	22.53	20.66	0.143	7.49	7.11	0.557
Mississippi	5.98	5.97	0.993	3.86	3.69	0.680	13.26	12.48	0.406	4.94	5.10	0.730
Missouri	7.16	7.09	0.872	5.39	4.98	0.453	17.28	16.40	0.420	5.71	5.83	0.811
Montana	8.33^b	9.18	0.093	6.33^a	7.70	0.049	21.76	23.21	0.286	6.31	7.02	0.246
Nebraska	8.22	8.18	0.926	6.08	5.45	0.289	18.35	18.52	0.895	6.60	6.58	0.973
Nevada	7.67	7.37	0.531	5.71	5.24	0.411	17.31	16.44	0.456	6.50	6.30	0.726
New Hampshire	7.50	7.23	0.551	5.49	5.24	0.635	19.74	18.61	0.346	5.88	5.74	0.780
New Jersey	6.44	6.18	0.501	4.24	3.63	0.192	16.36	15.07	0.219	5.21	5.12	0.846
New Mexico	7.66	8.22	0.264	5.63	6.30	0.339	18.63	17.94	0.547	5.92	6.68	0.210
New York	6.63^a	7.40	0.013	4.64	5.08	0.222	16.29	17.25	0.155	5.17^b	5.91	0.052
North Carolina	6.55	5.99	0.153	4.10^b	3.34	0.051	15.42	13.83	0.124	5.43	5.05	0.415
North Dakota	8.74^b	7.90	0.059	6.23^a	5.03	0.027	20.75	19.58	0.324	6.34	5.64	0.191
Ohio	7.52	7.19	0.299	5.39	4.98	0.274	16.92	16.79	0.855	6.24	5.89	0.365
Oklahoma	6.59	7.15	0.193	4.49	4.76	0.595	16.14	16.09	0.965	5.12	5.84	0.157
Oregon	7.29	7.65	0.420	5.45	5.87	0.453	16.04	16.38	0.764	6.16	6.51	0.512
Pennsylvania	5.98	5.73	0.359	4.22^a	3.53	0.027	15.10	14.16	0.146	4.70	4.60	0.768
Rhode Island	7.55	7.77	0.651	5.28	4.73	0.274	17.86	17.13	0.535	5.92	6.38	0.429
South Carolina	7.03	7.46	0.375	4.27	3.98	0.527	15.00	15.25	0.815	6.08	6.61	0.369
South Dakota	8.39	8.84	0.348	5.81	6.00	0.756	21.37	21.77	0.743	6.37	6.88	0.370
Tennessee	6.41	5.95	0.272	4.39^a	3.32	0.014	15.22	13.54	0.122	5.30	5.11	0.694
Texas	6.76	6.76	0.982	4.80	4.44	0.315	14.66	14.35	0.629	5.56	5.66	0.762
Utah	6.18	5.78	0.329	3.94	3.24	0.113	12.78	12.30	0.657	4.88	4.58	0.561
Vermont	7.13	7.45	0.495	5.41	4.93	0.339	18.16	18.73	0.613	5.54	5.90	0.531
Virginia	7.28	7.36	0.856	4.91	4.68	0.638	18.27	18.44	0.883	5.72	5.80	0.880
Washington	7.34^a	6.55	0.042	5.15	4.44	0.143	17.64^a	15.34	0.023	5.97	5.40	0.218
West Virginia	5.92	5.82	0.796	4.51	4.25	0.574	15.30	14.19	0.299	4.71	4.78	0.880
Wisconsin	8.33^b	7.49	0.077	6.17	5.21	0.108	20.69^a	18.28	0.031	6.50	5.95	0.333
Wyoming	8.20	7.87	0.496	6.87	6.42	0.524	18.73	18.48	0.833	6.50	6.17	0.576

101022

Table C.23 *Had at Least One Major Depressive Episode in Past Year,* by Age Group and State: 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 NSDUHs
State	18+ (2007-2008)	18+ (2008-2009)	18+ (p value)	12-17 (2007-2008)	12-17 (2008-2009)	12-17 (p value)	18-25 (2007-2008)	18-25 (2008-2009)	18-25 (p value)	26+ (2007-2008)	26+ (2008-2009)	26+ (p value)
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no change. NOTE: Major depressive episode is defined as in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when a person experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. For details, see Section A.11 in Appendix A of this report. NOTE: There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent major depressive episode modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from persons aged 18 or older to get an overall estimate (12 or older). NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ^a Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between the 2008-2009 estimate and the 2007-2008 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality (formerly the Office of Applied Studies), National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2007, 2008, and 2009.
Total U.S.	6.56	6.49	0.587	8.21	8.18	0.850	8.15	8.13	0.896	6.29	6.21	0.591
Northeast	6.30	6.24	0.799	7.92	7.75	0.501	7.92	7.76	0.547	6.02	5.99	0.879
Midwest	6.72	6.72	0.991	8.39	8.35	0.862	8.51	8.49	0.954	6.42	6.42	0.997
South	6.59	6.41	0.308	8.18	8.03	0.504	7.78	7.74	0.829	6.39	6.19	0.318
West	6.59	6.59	0.998	8.30	8.56	0.372	8.55	8.67	0.707	6.24	6.21	0.928
Alabama	5.81	6.36	0.281	8.27	7.97	0.644	7.57	7.32	0.728	5.51	6.19	0.239
Alaska	6.23	5.76	0.375	7.64	7.50	0.847	7.79	7.16	0.453	5.94	5.49	0.471
Arizona	7.13	7.05	0.882	8.95	9.09	0.854	9.06	8.95	0.892	6.80	6.72	0.901
Arkansas	7.36	7.89	0.401	8.86	9.16	0.687	8.52	9.07	0.499	7.17	7.69	0.469
California	6.10	6.04	0.877	7.87	8.16	0.531	8.32	8.47	0.766	5.67	5.58	0.811
Colorado	6.87	7.54	0.215	8.84	9.16	0.660	8.40	8.38	0.972	6.62	7.41	0.201
Connecticut	6.77^b	5.90	0.099	8.15	7.96	0.779	8.53	8.00	0.480	6.49	5.57	0.124
Delaware	6.15	6.38	0.647	8.12	7.81	0.656	7.66	8.49	0.302	5.90	6.02	0.822
District of Columbia	6.55	5.77	0.118	7.17	6.75	0.580	7.94	7.21	0.332	6.24	5.45	0.179
Florida	6.52	6.38	0.724	7.67^b	8.50	0.077	7.72	7.92	0.652	6.34	6.16	0.670
Georgia	6.53	6.16	0.467	8.24	7.82	0.542	7.35	7.55	0.777	6.39	5.93	0.426
Hawaii	5.88	6.20	0.566	8.33	8.14	0.811	8.10	8.71	0.461	5.53	5.80	0.669
Idaho	7.48	7.52	0.933	8.57	9.05	0.523	8.42	9.21	0.313	7.31	7.23	0.899
Illinois	5.84	6.14	0.363	7.51	7.46	0.926	7.73	7.87	0.779	5.50	5.83	0.392
Indiana	8.25	8.19	0.930	9.00	9.36	0.665	9.31	8.61	0.386	8.07	8.12	0.934
Iowa	6.20	5.81	0.398	7.72	7.98	0.696	8.09	7.60	0.537	5.86	5.49	0.477
Kansas	7.29	6.59	0.185	8.93	8.54	0.604	8.39	8.36	0.966	7.08	6.26	0.177
Kentucky	7.66	7.15	0.390	9.36	8.41	0.244	8.32	7.98	0.636	7.55	7.02	0.427
Louisiana	6.19	5.66	0.267	7.95	7.54	0.530	7.12	6.85	0.704	6.01	5.43	0.294
Maine	7.38	6.75	0.253	8.43	8.10	0.659	9.27	8.72	0.529	7.12	6.47	0.294
Maryland	5.90	5.91	0.976	6.97	7.05	0.893	7.90	7.80	0.873	5.56	5.59	0.957
Massachusetts	6.54	6.75	0.677	8.35	7.99	0.612	8.43	8.49	0.928	6.21	6.44	0.698
Michigan	6.61	6.63	0.952	8.27	8.19	0.873	9.20	9.15	0.916	6.16	6.20	0.934
Minnesota	7.07	7.64	0.310	9.48	8.62	0.258	8.48	8.93	0.571	6.83	7.42	0.354
Mississippi	5.35	5.72	0.433	7.33	7.15	0.800	6.48	6.47	0.984	5.14	5.58	0.422
Missouri	7.06	7.11	0.928	8.68	9.03	0.651	9.03	9.20	0.824	6.73	6.76	0.961
Montana	6.72	6.79	0.906	8.62	9.10	0.542	9.16	8.91	0.760	6.30	6.43	0.847
Nebraska	5.51	6.27	0.129	7.53	8.14	0.399	7.17	7.51	0.633	5.20	6.04	0.149
Nevada	7.02	6.86	0.793	8.18	7.42	0.283	9.61	8.90	0.363	6.64	6.56	0.905
New Hampshire	7.78	7.62	0.802	8.86	8.90	0.951	8.69	8.86	0.840	7.64	7.44	0.768
New Jersey	5.75	5.88	0.804	7.76	7.29	0.459	7.14	7.97	0.240	5.54	5.55	0.986
New Mexico	7.37	6.54	0.176	8.87	9.03	0.845	8.86	8.59	0.733	7.10	6.16	0.191
New York	6.55	6.65	0.774	7.99	8.23	0.603	8.22	7.82	0.396	6.26	6.44	0.642
North Carolina	7.09	6.83	0.627	8.97	8.35	0.377	8.44	8.07	0.582	6.87	6.63	0.692
North Dakota	6.54	6.24	0.584	8.69	8.93	0.743	8.08	7.15	0.230	6.19	6.04	0.817
Ohio	6.57	6.17	0.239	8.31	8.27	0.928	8.24	8.13	0.805	6.30	5.85	0.252
Oklahoma	7.96	7.40	0.351	8.43	8.09	0.656	9.52	9.49	0.978	7.67	7.02	0.345
Oregon	7.09	7.58	0.382	9.28	10.28	0.173	9.63	10.00	0.677	6.70	7.20	0.426
Pennsylvania	5.61	5.20	0.238	7.44	6.81	0.179	7.14	6.44	0.133	5.36	5.00	0.359
Rhode Island	7.56^a	9.46	0.006	8.46	9.56	0.166	9.05^a	11.08	0.019	7.29^a	9.16	0.020
South Carolina	6.18	7.07	0.139	8.68	8.94	0.726	7.64	8.50	0.240	5.94	6.83	0.189
South Dakota	5.97	5.66	0.538	8.20	8.27	0.921	7.53	6.83	0.302	5.68	5.45	0.681
Tennessee	7.65	6.80	0.165	8.84	8.49	0.621	7.28	7.15	0.854	7.70	6.75	0.167
Texas	6.05	5.95	0.769	7.60	7.45	0.721	7.23	7.19	0.917	5.83	5.72	0.784
Utah	7.02	7.49	0.356	9.14	8.39	0.295	8.34	8.38	0.947	6.68	7.27	0.344
Vermont	6.45	6.49	0.950	8.07	8.09	0.981	8.53	9.37	0.283	6.11	6.01	0.876
Virginia	6.94	6.40	0.299	9.67	8.86	0.263	9.12	8.58	0.480	6.58	6.03	0.365
Washington	7.57	7.24	0.556	8.57	9.44	0.263	8.54	9.12	0.454	7.41	6.94	0.454
West Virginia	8.51	7.75	0.225	9.14	8.39	0.289	9.84	8.74	0.185	8.31	7.61	0.317
Wisconsin	7.38	7.32	0.913	9.19	8.88	0.658	9.18	9.61	0.581	7.08	6.93	0.830
Wyoming	7.89	7.42	0.440	10.03^b	8.59	0.067	10.04	9.52	0.519	7.50	7.05	0.513

Appendix C: Comparison of the 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 Model-Based Estimates(50 States and the District of Columbia)

Appendix C: Comparison of the 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 Model-Based Estimates
(50 States and the District of Columbia)